Effect of TGF-β1, TGF-β2, and bFGF on chick cartilage and muscle cell differentiation

Abstract In insulin containing defined medium TGF-β1, TGF-β2, and bFGF all stimulate chondrogenic differentiation in high-density micromass cultures of distal limb bud mesenchyme cells of chick embryos. In addition bFGF inhibits myogenic differentiation, while TGF-β1 and TGF-β2 appear to have no effect. TGF-β1 and bFGF together act additively to enhance chondrogenesis, while TGF-β blocks the bFGF inhibitory action on myoblasts, thus allowing them to differentiate. In the absence of insulin, the inhibitory effect of bFGF on muscle cell differentiation is reduced; cartilage differentiation in the presence of the above growth factors is also Slightly reduced.

[1]  W. Kulyk,et al.  Promotion of embryonic chick limb cartilage differentiation by transforming growth factor-beta. , 1989, Developmental biology.

[2]  A. Smith,et al.  Growth factors in embryogenesis. , 1989, British medical bulletin.

[3]  B. Hogan,et al.  Expression of transforming growth factor beta 2 RNA during murine embryogenesis. , 1989, Development.

[4]  E. Froesch,et al.  Preferential enhancement of myoblast differentiation by insulin‐like growth factors (IGF I and IGF II) in primary cultures of chicken embryonic cells , 1983, FEBS letters.

[5]  S. Consigli,et al.  Basic fibroblast growth factor in the chick embryo: immunolocalization to striated muscle cells and their precursors , 1989, The Journal of cell biology.

[6]  J. Florini,et al.  Effects of the somatomedins and insulin on myoblast differentiation in vitro. , 1981, Developmental biology.

[7]  M. Sakuda,et al.  Stimulation of cartilage‐matrix proteoglycan synthesis by morphologically transformed chondrocytes grown in the presence of fibroblast growth factor and transforming growth factor‐beta , 1989, Journal of cellular physiology.

[8]  A. Baird,et al.  Inhibition of endothelial cell proliferation by type beta-transforming growth factor: interactions with acidic and basic fibroblast growth factors. , 1986, Biochemical and biophysical research communications.

[9]  C. Clegg,et al.  Growth factor control of skeletal muscle differentiation: commitment to terminal differentiation occurs in G1 phase and is repressed by fibroblast growth factor , 1987, The Journal of cell biology.

[10]  M. Sporn,et al.  Transforming growth factor-beta. A very potent inhibitor of myoblast differentiation, identical to the differentiation inhibitor secreted by Buffalo rat liver cells. , 1986, The Journal of biological chemistry.

[11]  M. Kirschner,et al.  Synergistic induction of mesoderm by FGF and TGF-β and the identification of an mRNA coding for FGF in the early xenopus embryo , 1987, Cell.

[12]  C. Tickle,et al.  Differentiation of myogenic cells in micromass cultures of cells from chick facial primordia. , 1989, Developmental biology.

[13]  S. Hauschka,et al.  Clonal analysis of vertebrate myogenesis. VIII. Fibroblasts growth factor (FGF)-dependent and FGF-independent muscle colony types during chick wing development. , 1988, Developmental biology.

[14]  G. Spizz,et al.  Regulation of myogenic differentiation by type beta transforming growth factor , 1986, The Journal of cell biology.

[15]  W. Birchmeier,et al.  Transforming growth factor-beta inhibits endothelial cell proliferation. , 1986, Biochemical and biophysical research communications.

[16]  L. Glaser,et al.  Control of myogenic differentiation by fibroblast growth factor is mediated by position in the G1 phase of the cell cycle , 1985, The Journal of cell biology.

[17]  G. Spizz,et al.  Serum and fibroblast growth factor inhibit myogenic differentiation through a mechanism dependent on protein synthesis and independent of cell proliferation. , 1986, The Journal of biological chemistry.

[18]  J. Hassell,et al.  Chondrogenesis: a model developmental system for measuring teratogenic potential of compounds. , 1982, Teratogenesis, carcinogenesis, and mutagenesis.

[19]  K. Sato,et al.  Regulation of colony formation of differentiated chondrocytes in soft agar by transforming growth factor-beta. , 1989, Biochemical and biophysical research communications.

[20]  D. Hill,et al.  Distribution of insulin-like growth factor peptides in the developing chick embryo. , 1990, Development.

[21]  C. Stiles,et al.  Growth factor superfamilies and mammalian embryogenesis. , 1988, Development.

[22]  G. Tregear,et al.  Histochemical localization of IGF-I and -II mRNA in the developing rat embryo. , 1987, Development.

[23]  V. Hamburger,et al.  A series of normal stages in the development of the chick embryo. 1951. , 2012, Developmental dynamics : an official publication of the American Association of Anatomists.

[24]  J. Pintar,et al.  Pattern of the insulin-like growth factor II gene expression during rat embryogenesis. , 1988, Development.