Purpuric macules and plaques in a patient with myasthenia gravis

A 79-year-old Caucasian man was referred to us for evaluation of asymptomatic, widespread, purpuric macules and plaques that had fi rst appeared on his legs three months earlier. One year before, he had been diagnosed with stage IIIB myasthenia gravis (according to Osserman’s classifi cation). He had initially been treated with prednisone and pyridostigmine, followed by a slow corticosteroid taper and the introduction of azathioprine. The lesions subsequently worsened, especially after corticosteroid reduction and upping of the azathioprine dose. Other medications the patient had been taking included lysine acetylsalicylate for subcortical vascular encephalopathy and pantoprazole for gastroesophageal refl ux. Viral markers such as HBV, HCV, and HIV were negative. The diagnostic workup including Purpuric macules and plaques in a patient with myasthenia gravis Case for Diagnosis

[1]  M. Pardini,et al.  Myasthenia gravis developing in an HIV-negative patient with Kaposi’s sarcoma , 2013, Neurological Sciences.

[2]  T. Vogt,et al.  Brief S1 guidelines – Cutaneous angiosarcoma and Kaposi sarcoma , 2013, Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft = Journal of the German Society of Dermatology : JDDG.

[3]  E. Oetjen,et al.  Cyclosporin A, but not everolimus, inhibits DNA repair mediated by calcineurin: implications for tumorigenesis under immunosuppression , 2011, Experimental dermatology.

[4]  C‐S. Wu,et al.  Rainbow pattern in Kaposi’s sarcoma under polarized dermoscopy: a dermoscopic pathological study , 2009, The British journal of dermatology.

[5]  N. Brockmeyer,et al.  HIV‐associated Kaposi sarcoma: pathogenesis and therapy , 2007, Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft = Journal of the German Society of Dermatology : JDDG.

[6]  J. Jabłecki,et al.  Kaposi's sarcoma revisited. , 2007, AIDS reviews.

[7]  F. Buonaguro,et al.  Kaposi's sarcoma: aetiopathogenesis, histology and clinical features , 2003, Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV.

[8]  S. Tyring,et al.  Hydrocortisone activation of human herpesvirus 8 viral DNA replication and gene expression in vitro. , 1999, Transplantation.

[9]  R. Masood,et al.  Glucocorticoids induce Kaposi's sarcoma cell proliferation through the regulation of transforming growth factor-beta. , 1997, Blood.

[10]  R. Schwartz,et al.  Telangiectatic Kaposi's sarcoma. Occurrence in a patient with thymoma and myasthenia gravis receiving long-term immunosuppressive therapy. , 1982, Archives of dermatology.

[11]  P. Savino,et al.  Conjunctival Kaposi's sarcoma in a patient with myasthenia gravis. , 1981, Archives of ophthalmology.

[12]  O. Binet,et al.  [Kaposi's disease in myasthenia]. , 1981, La Nouvelle presse medicale.

[13]  M. Alter,et al.  [Remission of an iatrogenic Kaposi sarcoma in a patient with myasthenia gravis after switching immunosuppressive therapy to the mTOR inhibitor everolimus]. , 2012, Der Hautarzt; Zeitschrift fur Dermatologie, Venerologie, und verwandte Gebiete.

[14]  J. Levin Dermoscopy of Kaposi's sarcoma: Areas exhibiting the multicoloured ‘rainbow pattern’ , 2011 .