Properties of DNA-polyintercalating drugs studied by fluorescence lifetime techniques

Dimers of the fluorescent dye Oxazole Yellow (YOYO and POPO) are used for high sensitive DNA detection in gel electrophoresis. Upon binding to DNA they show a 3000 to 5000 fold enhancement of fluorescence. The binding constant of those dimers to dsDNA is between 108 M-1 and 109 M-1. This is due to the dye's ability to bisintercalate between adjacent DNA basepairs. We investigated the occurring forms of intercalation of YOYO to dsDNA in solutions of different ionic strength by fluorescence lifetime methods.