Optical image encryption using multilevel Arnold transform and noninterferometric imaging

Information security has attracted much current attention due to the rapid development of modern technologies, such as computer and internet. We propose a novel method for optical image encryption using multilevel Arnold transform and rotatable-phase-mask noninterferometric imaging. An optical image encryption scheme is developed in the gyrator transform domain, and one phase-only mask (i.e., phase grating) is rotated and updated during image encryption. For the decryption, an iterative retrieval algorithm is proposed to extract high-quality plaintexts. Conventional encoding methods (such as digital holography) have been proven vulnerably to the attacks, and the proposed optical encoding scheme can effectively eliminate security deficiency and significantly enhance cryptosystem security. The proposed strategy based on the rotatable phase-only mask can provide a new alternative for data/image encryption in the noninterferometric imaging.

[1]  Yeon H. Lee,et al.  Encryption of digital hologram of 3-D object by virtual optics. , 2004, Optics express.

[2]  G. Unnikrishnan,et al.  Optical encryption by double-random phase encoding in the fractional Fourier domain. , 2000, Optics letters.

[3]  Wen Chen,et al.  Space-based optical image encryption. , 2010, Optics express.

[4]  Huijuan Li,et al.  Double-image encryption based on iterative gyrator transform , 2008 .

[5]  Peng Zhang,et al.  Known-plaintext attack on optical encryption based on double random phase keys. , 2006, Optics letters.

[6]  Qiaofeng Tan,et al.  Security enhanced optical encryption system by random phase key and permutation key. , 2009, Optics express.

[7]  Xian-Feng Xu,et al.  Digital color image watermarking based on phase-shifting interferometry and neighboring pixel value subtraction algorithm in the discrete-cosine-transform domain. , 2007, Applied optics.

[8]  J. Miao,et al.  Extending the methodology of X-ray crystallography to allow imaging of micrometre-sized non-crystalline specimens , 1999, Nature.

[9]  Hsuan T Chang,et al.  Multiple-phase retrieval for optical security systems by use of random-phase encoding. , 2002, Applied optics.

[10]  J R Fienup,et al.  Phase retrieval algorithms: a comparison. , 1982, Applied optics.

[11]  Xudong Chen,et al.  Optical cryptography topology based on a three-dimensional particle-like distribution and diffractive imaging. , 2011, Optics express.

[12]  Bo Wang,et al.  Optical image encryption based on interference. , 2008, Optics letters.

[13]  Jianzhong Li.  Robust image watermarking scheme against geometric attacks using a computer-generated hologram. , 2010, Applied optics.

[14]  Jingjuan Zhang,et al.  Multiple-image hiding in the Fresnel domain. , 2007, Optics letters.

[15]  Peng Zhang,et al.  Chosen-plaintext attack on lensless double-random phase encoding in the Fresnel domain. , 2006, Optics letters.

[16]  B Javidi,et al.  Optical image encryption based on input plane and Fourier plane random encoding. , 1995, Optics letters.

[17]  Xudong Chen,et al.  Optical image encryption based on diffractive imaging. , 2010, Optics letters.

[18]  Daomu Zhao,et al.  Color image hiding based on the phase retrieval technique and Arnold transform. , 2011, Applied optics.

[19]  Tom Dowling,et al.  Introducing secure modes of operation for optical encryption. , 2008, Journal of the Optical Society of America. A, Optics, image science, and vision.

[20]  Zhengjun Liu,et al.  Double image encryption by using iterative random binary encoding in gyrator domains. , 2010, Optics express.

[21]  Jianguo Chen,et al.  Information hiding based on double-random phase encoding technology , 2006 .

[22]  William Stallings,et al.  Cryptography and network security , 1998 .

[23]  L Z Cai,et al.  Two-step phase-shifting interferometry and its application in image encryption. , 2006, Optics letters.

[24]  Chuang Lin,et al.  Image encryption by encoding with a nonuniform optical beam in gyrator transform domains. , 2010, Applied optics.

[25]  Wen-Nung Lie,et al.  Multiple-image encryption and multiplexing using a modified Gerchberg-Saxton algorithm and phase modulation in Fresnel-transform domain. , 2009, Optics letters.

[26]  Yu Fu,et al.  Color image encryption based on interference and virtual optics , 2010 .

[27]  Amr M. Youssef.  On the Security of a Cryptosystem Based on Multiple-Parameters Discrete Fractional Fourier Transform , 2008, IEEE Signal Processing Letters.

[28]  Gustavus J. Simmons,et al.  Symmetric and Asymmetric Encryption , 1979, CSUR.

[29]  F. Dyson,et al.  Period of a Discrete Cat Mapping , 1992 .

[30]  Soo-Chang Pei,et al.  The multiple-parameter discrete fractional Fourier transform , 2006, IEEE Signal Process. Lett..

[31]  Jesús Lancis,et al.  Optical encryption based on computational ghost imaging. , 2010, Optics letters.

[32]  Soo-Chang Pei,et al.  Random Discrete Fractional Fourier Transform , 2009, IEEE Signal Processing Letters.

[33]  Jingjuan Zhang,et al.  Double random-phase encoding in the Fresnel domain. , 2004, Optics letters.

[34]  Whitfield Diffie,et al.  New Directions in Cryptography , 1976, IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory.

[35]  Osamu Matoba,et al.  Optical Techniques for Information Security , 2009, Proceedings of the IEEE.

[36]  Chenggen Quan,et al.  Optical color image encryption based on Arnold transform and interference method , 2009 .