Influence of fuel moisture, charge size, feeding rate and air ventilation conditions on the emissions of PM, OC, EC, parent PAHs, and their derivatives from residential wood combustion.

Controlled combustion experiments were conducted to investigate the influence of fuel charge size, moisture, air ventilation and feeding rate on the emission factors (EFs) of carbonaceous particulate matter, parent polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pPAHs) and their derivatives from residential wood combustion in a typical brick cooking stove. Measured EFs were found to be independent of fuel charge size, but increased with increasing fuel moisture. Pollution emissions from the normal burning under an adequate air supply condition were the lowest for most pollutants, while more pollutants were emitted when an oxygen deficient atmosphere was formed in the stove chamber during fast burning. The impacts of these factors on the size distribution of emitted particles was also studied. Modified combustion efficiency and the four investigated factors explained 68%, 72%, and 64% of total variations in EFs of PM, organic carbon, and oxygenated PAHs, respectively, but only 36%, 38% and 42% of the total variations in EFs of elemental carbon, pPAHs and nitro-PAHs, respectively.

[1]  Armistead G Russell,et al.  Emission factors of particulate matter and elemental carbon for crop residues and coals burned in typical household stoves in China. , 2010, Environmental science & technology.

[2]  John S. Kinsey,et al.  Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon size distributions in aerosols from appliances of residential wood combustion as determined by direct thermal desorption—GC/MS , 2003 .

[3]  Judith C. Chow,et al.  Fine Particle and Gaseous Emission Rates from Residential Wood Combustion , 2000 .

[4]  B. Gullett,et al.  Effect of moisture, charge size, and chlorine concentration on PCDD/F emissions from simulated open burning of forest biomass. , 2011, Environmental science & technology.

[5]  Takashi Korenaga,et al.  The influence of moisture content on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons emission during rice straw burning , 2001 .

[6]  G. Cass,et al.  Sources of Fine Organic Aerosol. 9. Pine, Oak, and Synthetic Log Combustion in Residential Fireplaces , 1998 .

[7]  Wei Li,et al.  Reductions in emissions of carbonaceous particulate matter and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from combustion of biomass pellets in comparison with raw fuel burning. , 2012, Environmental science & technology.

[8]  Bo G Leckner,et al.  Particle emissions from biomass combustion in small combustors , 2003 .

[9]  Candis Claiborn,et al.  Particulate emissions from wheat and Kentucky bluegrass stubble burning in eastern Washington and northern Idaho , 2006 .

[10]  Jiming Hao,et al.  Emission Characteristics of Particulate Matter from Rural Household Biofuel Combustion in China , 2007 .

[11]  John L. Zhou,et al.  Release of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide and particulate matter from biomass combustion in a wood-fired boiler under varying boiler conditions , 2008 .

[12]  Zhang Yanyan,et al.  Emission factors, size distributions, and emission inventories of carbonaceous particulate matter from residential wood combustion in rural China. , 2012, Environmental science & technology.

[13]  B. Simoneit,et al.  Biomass burning — a review of organic tracers for smoke from incomplete combustion , 2002 .

[14]  Lei Zhang,et al.  Emissions of SO2, NO and N2O in a circulating fluidized bed combustor during co-firing coal and biomass. , 2007, Journal of environmental sciences.

[15]  C. R. Purvis,et al.  Fine Particulate Matter (PM) and Organic Speciation of Fireplace Emissions , 2000 .

[16]  Bryan M. Jenkins,et al.  Emission factors for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from biomass burning , 1996 .

[17]  Lizhong Zhu,et al.  Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon emission from straw burning and the influence of combustion parameters , 2009 .

[18]  P. Tekasakul,et al.  Effects of Moisture Content and Burning Period on Concentration of Smoke Particles and Particle-Bound Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons from Rubber-Wood Combustion , 2009 .

[19]  J. Rau,et al.  Composition and Size Distribution of Residential Wood Smoke Particles , 1989 .

[20]  T Nussbaumer,et al.  Oxidative potential of logwood and pellet burning particles assessed by a novel profluorescent nitroxide probe. , 2010, Environmental science & technology.

[21]  J. Chow,et al.  Moisture effects on carbon and nitrogen emission from burning of wildland biomass , 2010 .

[22]  J. A. Cooper,et al.  Environmental Impact of Residential Wood Combustion Emissions and its Implications , 1980 .

[23]  Wei Li,et al.  Emissions of PAHs from indoor crop residue burning in a typical rural stove: emission factors, size distributions, and gas-particle partitioning. , 2011, Environmental science & technology.

[24]  Jiming Hao,et al.  Carbonaceous aerosol emissions from household biofuel combustion in China. , 2009, Environmental science & technology.

[25]  Yongliang Ma,et al.  Greenhouse Gases and other Airborne Pollutants from Household Stoves in China: a Database for Emission Factors , 2000 .

[26]  S. Tao,et al.  Emissions of parent, nitro, and oxygenated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from residential wood combustion in rural China. , 2012, Environmental science & technology.

[27]  Yan Lu,et al.  Black carbon emissions in China from 1949 to 2050. , 2012, Environmental science & technology.

[28]  Tami C Bond,et al.  Emission factors and real-time optical properties of particles emitted from traditional wood burning cookstoves. , 2006, Environmental science & technology.

[29]  S. Tao,et al.  Emission of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons from Indoor Straw Burning and Emission Inventory Updating in China , 2008, Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences.

[30]  Rufus Edwards,et al.  In-field greenhouse gas emissions from cookstoves in rural Mexican households , 2008 .

[31]  Rufus Edwards,et al.  New approaches to performance testing of improved cookstoves. , 2010, Environmental science & technology.

[32]  J. Jetter,et al.  Solid-fuel household cook stoves: characterization of performance and emissions. , 2009 .

[33]  Kirk R. Smith,et al.  Pollutant emissions and energy efficiency under controlled conditions for household biomass cookstoves and implications for metrics useful in setting international test standards. , 2012, Environmental science & technology.

[34]  M. Shao,et al.  Source profiles of particulate organic matters emitted from cereal straw burnings. , 2007, Journal of environmental sciences.

[35]  Bin Li,et al.  Influence of fuel mass load, oxygen supply and burning rate on emission factor and size distribution of carbonaceous particulate matter from indoor corn straw burning. , 2013, Journal of environmental sciences.

[36]  Yanju Chen,et al.  Characterizing biofuel combustion with patterns of real-time emission data (PaRTED). , 2012, Environmental science & technology.

[37]  S. Tao,et al.  Emissions of parent, nitrated, and oxygenated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from indoor corn straw burning in normal and controlled combustion conditions. , 2013, Journal of environmental sciences.

[38]  S. Tao,et al.  Emission of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in China. , 2006, Environmental science & technology.

[39]  Yungang Wang,et al.  Characterization of residential wood combustion particles using the two-wavelength aethalometer. , 2011, Environmental science & technology.