IMPAIRMENT OF THE CHEMOSENSORY ANTENNULAR FLICKING RESPONSE IN THE DUNGENESS CRAB, CANCER MAGISTER, BY PETROLEUM HYDROCARBONS

After exposing Dungeness crabs in a continuous-flow system to seawater contaminated with Prudhoe Bay crude oil (0.27 parts per million), we observed the behavior ofcrabs presented with a clam extract. In response to seawatersolutions ofclam extract, Dungeness crabs change antennular orientation and increase antennular flicking rate. After 24-hour exposure and with oil still present, the proportion of crabs showing the changes in antennular behavior indicating detection of chemical food cues was significantly reduced. In contrast, the proportion showing chelae probing was not. Within 1hour after return to clean water the antennular response recovered. Such rapid recovery indicates that the chemosensory impairment probably didnotderive from structuraldamageto sensory cells butdoes not indicate which of several other possibilities was the most likely mechanism. By impairing the chemosensory antennular flicking response of Dungeness crabs, petroleum hydrocarbons could cause crabs some difficulty in finding food.

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