Pyrolysis Modeling, Thermal Decomposition, AndTransport Processes In Combustible Solids

In a fi re, combustion occurs when gaseous fuel liberated from solid materials mixes with the surrounding oxidizer and reacts with oxygen, releasing heat and combustion products. This heat in turn supports further gasifi cation of the fuel. Therefore, condensed-phase processes are one of the primary factors controlling ignition, burning, and fl ame spread in fi res. This chapter reviews several aspects of condensed-phase processes that affect a material’s overall reaction to fi re, with an emphasis on modeling. The various pyrolysis modeling strategies that have been used to simulate the burning of solids are summarized. An overview of decomposition kinetics and thermodynamics in the solid phase is given due to their importance in the burning of solids. Conduction, radiation, convection, and momentum transfer within combustible solids are reviewed. Wherever possible, values of material properties and pyrolysis coeffi cients needed for modeling are given for different materials.

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