Coherent Four-Wave Mixing on Hybrid Graphene-Silicon Photonic Crystals

By placing monolayer graphene on silicon membrane, the effective Kerr coefficient of the hybrid media is enhanced 20 times compared to monolithic silicon. Optical four-wave mixing in graphene-silicon photonic crystal waveguide and a single mode cavity are observed at sub-milliwatt continuous wave input. This allows nonlinear functionalities including low power switching/gating, signal regeneration and parametric conversion, enhancing CMOS integrated photonic information processing on chips.

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