Characteristics Of Androgen Metabolism In Prostate Diseases

Увод. Заболяванията на простатата, бенигнени или малигнени, са едни от най-често срещаните сред мъжката популация. Андрогените, основно тестостерон и дихидротестостерон (DHT), играят главна роля за нормалния растеж и пролиферация на простатната жлеза. Счита се, че нарушения баланс между андроген-индуцираната клетъчна пролиферация и апоптоза е един от ключовите фактори за повишена клетъчна пролиферация, растеж и развитие на неопластични заболявания на простатната жлеза. Цел на нашето изследване е да се проучи литературата, касаеща особеностите в молекулните механизми на андрогенния метаболизъм при заболявания на простатата. Материал и методи. Проучена е литературата от последните 10 години чрез използване на онлайн бази данни Scopus, PubMed, Google scholar, Science direct. Използвани са следните ключови думи и фрази: prostate cancer, benign prostate hyperplasia, androgens, testosterone, DHEAs, androstenedione, SHBG, androgen metabolism. Резултати. Едни от най-често срещаните промени в метаболизма на андрогените при заболявания на простатата са повишеният интракринен биосинтез на андрогени в простатната жлеза, намаленото им локално инактивиране и полиморфизмите, свързани с андрогенния рецептор. Заключение. Разкривнето на молекулните механизми, контролиращи метаболизма и регулацията на андрогените в простатни клетки и техните промени при заболвания на  простатната жлеза би допринесло за изясняване ролята на тези стероидни хормони за отключването и прогресията на бенигнени и малигнени заболявания на простатата.

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