3 A 64-QAM 60 GHz CMOS Transceiver with 4-Channel Bonding

Figure 20.3.1 shows the 60-GHz direct-conversion front-end design. The transmitter consists of a 6-stage PA, differential preamplifiers, I/Q passive mixers and a quadrature injection-locked oscillator (QILO). The receiver consists of a 4-stage LNA, differential amplifiers, I/Q double-balanced mixers, a QILO, and baseband amplifiers. A direct-conversion architecture is employed for both Tx and Rx because of wide-bandwidth capability [1]. The LO consists of the 60-GHz QILO and a 20-GHz PLL. The 60-GHz QILO works as a frequency tripler with the integrated 20-GHz PLL. It can generate 7 carrier frequencies with a 36/40-MHz reference, 58.32GHz(ch.1), 60.48GHz(ch.2), 62.64GHz(ch.3), and 64.80GHz(ch.4) defined in IEEE802.11ad/WiGig, 59.40GHz(ch.1-2), 61.56GHz(ch.2-3), and 63.72GHz(ch.3-4) for the channel bonding.

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