Performance of Energy-Harvesting Receivers With Time-Switching Architecture

The analysis and optimization of energy-harvesting transmitters and receivers are different. This paper considers an end-to-end communication with an energy-harvesting receiver. The receiver has a time-switching architecture and can harvest energy from both a dedicated transmitter and other ambient radio-frequency (RF) sources. We first argue that the energy consumed for decoding (per channel use) can be expressed in terms of the gap to channel capacity and utilize this model to optimize two schemes for receiver operation. The two schemes are harvest-then-receive and harvest-when-receive, and they differ primarily in how and when they use the harvested energy for decoding. For transmission over a single block, we compare their performance from various aspects. Then we consider transmission over multiple blocks. When the energy harvested is all from the transmitter, we provide the solution for choosing the optimal code rate and fraction of channels used for energy harvesting for each block. When the energy harvested can also be from other RF sources, we provide a table-search algorithm to find a solution. Finally, we present some numerical examples to validate the accuracy of our analysis.

[1]  Jing Yang,et al.  Optimal Packet Scheduling in an Energy Harvesting Communication System , 2010, IEEE Transactions on Communications.

[2]  Daniel A. Spielman,et al.  Practical loss-resilient codes , 1997, STOC '97.

[3]  Pulkit Grover.  Information Friction and Its Implications on Minimum Energy Required for Communication , 2015, IEEE Transactions on Information Theory.

[4]  Mehul Motani,et al.  Optimization of time-switching energy harvesting receivers over multiple transmission blocks , 2016, 2016 IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory (ISIT).

[5]  Aylin Yener,et al.  Optimum Transmission Policies for Battery Limited Energy Harvesting Nodes , 2010, IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications.

[6]  Rüdiger L. Urbanke,et al.  The renaissance of Gallager's low-density parity-check codes , 2003, IEEE Commun. Mag..

[7]  Roy D. Yates,et al.  Fading channels in energy-harvesting receivers , 2014, 2014 48th Annual Conference on Information Sciences and Systems (CISS).

[8]  Shie Mannor,et al.  High-Throughput Energy-Efficient LDPC Decoders Using Differential Binary Message Passing , 2014, IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing.

[9]  Kee Chaing Chua,et al.  Wireless Information Transfer with Opportunistic Energy Harvesting , 2012, IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications.

[10]  Tsachy Weissman,et al.  The Information Lost in Erasures , 2008, IEEE Transactions on Information Theory.

[11]  Roy D. Yates,et al.  Energy harvesting receivers: Finite battery capacity , 2013, 2013 IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory.

[12]  Rui Zhang,et al.  MIMO Broadcasting for Simultaneous Wireless Information and Power Transfer , 2013 .

[13]  Mehul Motani,et al.  Performance of Energy-Harvesting Receivers with Batteries Having Internal Resistance , 2017, 2017 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference Workshops (WCNCW).

[14]  Leonardo Badia,et al.  Correlated energy generation and imperfect State-of-Charge knowledge in energy harvesting devices , 2012, 2012 8th International Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing Conference (IWCMC).

[15]  Anant Sahai,et al.  Towards a Communication-Theoretic Understanding of System-Level Power Consumption , 2011, IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications.

[16]  Jing Yang,et al.  Transmission with Energy Harvesting Nodes in Fading Wireless Channels: Optimal Policies , 2011, IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications.

[17]  Mehul Motani,et al.  Transmission schemes and performance analysis for time-switching energy harvesting receivers , 2016, 2016 IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC).

[18]  M. Aminshokrollahi.  New sequences of linear time erasure codes approaching the channel capacity , 1999 .

[19]  Vincent C. Gaudet,et al.  Low-Energy Asynchronous Interleaver for Clockless Fully Parallel LDPC Decoding , 2011, IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers.

[20]  Zhu Han,et al.  Wireless Networks With RF Energy Harvesting: A Contemporary Survey , 2014, IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials.

[21]  Sennur Ulukus,et al.  Optimal Policies for Wireless Networks With Energy Harvesting Transmitters and Receivers: Effects of Decoding Costs , 2015, IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications.

[22]  Ali A. Nasir,et al.  Relaying Protocols for Wireless Energy Harvesting and Information Processing , 2012, IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications.

[23]  Roy D. Yates,et al.  Hybrid ARQ in block-fading channels with an energy harvesting receiver , 2015, 2015 IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory (ISIT).

[24]  Shie Mannor,et al.  Energy-efficient gear-shift LDPC decoders , 2014, 2014 IEEE 25th International Conference on Application-Specific Systems, Architectures and Processors.

[25]  Frank R. Kschischang,et al.  On the VLSI Energy Complexity of LDPC Decoder Circuits , 2015, IEEE Transactions on Information Theory.

[26]  Sennur Ulukus,et al.  Achieving AWGN Capacity Under Stochastic Energy Harvesting , 2012, IEEE Transactions on Information Theory.