Dose Response of Biological Systems to Low- and High-LET Radiation

Publisher Summary This chapter discusses dose response of biological systems to low- and high-linear energy transfer (LET) radiation. Cellular survival as a function of dose follows almost exponential behavior, and survival curves are generally shown in logarithmic plots. A purely exponential behavior would be expected based on simple mechanistic assumptions on the distribution of energy deposition and damages. A typical phenomenon related to repair, which is observed for most cell lines are the split dose recovery. It is found that maximum effectiveness is achieved, if the total dose is given in typical time intervals of minutes, since the fastest repair half-time is in the order of minutes. Tissue responses are usually classified in terms of arbitrary scoring systems, comprising different classes of effects qualitatively ordered by increasing severity of the biological effect. The analysis of tissue responses to radiation is usually based on a fixed-effect level, and the probability to induce at least that effect level by a given dose is obtained from the investigation of a sufficiently large number of groups of individuals treated with an appropriate range of different dose. The dependence of the biological effectiveness on dose, ion type, LET, and the influence of the cell type is described in the chapter.

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