Effects of Long Duration and Repeated Exposures in an Immersive Virtual Envionment on Postural Stability

Postural disturbance following virtual environment (VE) exposure has been reported in many studies. Some suggest that postural disturbance could be a pre-cursor of or highly related to simulator sickness (SS). Few studies have addressed long duration exposure and multi-sessions in SS and postural disturbance. This study investigated effects of long duration and repeated exposure to an immersive VE on postural disturbance. The results suggested larger postural disturbance 24 hours and 48 hours after the first VE exposure. However, differences between postural disturbance magnitudes pre- and post- exposure within a day decreased after 48 hours. Differential effects were associated with different postural stances were also found. Suggestions for further research are addressed.

[1]  A Graybiel,et al.  Motion sickness produced by head movement as a function of rotational velocity. , 1970, Aerospace medicine.

[2]  Robert S. Kellogg,et al.  United States Air Force Experience with Simulator Sickness, Research and Training , 1986 .

[3]  Daniel W. Gower,et al.  The time course of postflight simulator sickness symptoms. , 1989, Aviation, space, and environmental medicine.

[4]  R S Kennedy,et al.  Postural and performance changes following exposures to flight simulators. , 1993, Aviation, space, and environmental medicine.

[5]  Kay M. Stanney,et al.  Postural instability induced by virtual reality exposure: Development of a certification protocol , 1996, Int. J. Hum. Comput. Interact..

[6]  Robert S. Kennedy,et al.  A Comparison of Cybersickness Incidences, Symptom Profiles, Measurement Techniques, and Suggestions for Further Research , 1997, Presence: Teleoperators & Virtual Environments.

[7]  Gavriel Salvendy,et al.  Aftereffects and Sense of Presence in Virtual Environments: Formulation of a Research and Development Agenda , 1998, Int. J. Hum. Comput. Interact..

[8]  S. Cobb,et al.  Static posture tests for the assessment of postural instability after virtual environment use , 1998, Brain Research Bulletin.

[9]  John R. Wilson,et al.  Virtual Reality-Induced Symptoms and Effects (VRISE) , 1999, Presence: Teleoperators & Virtual Environments.

[10]  Kay M. Stanney,et al.  Duration and Exposure to Virtual Environments: Sickness Curves During and Across Sessions , 2000, Presence: Teleoperators & Virtual Environments.

[11]  Henry Been-Lirn Duh,et al.  Effects of field of view on balance in an immersive environment , 2001, Proceedings IEEE Virtual Reality 2001.