NIOSOMES AS NANO CARRIER SYSTEM AND A NOVEL APPROACH IN MODERN DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM

In the last few years, a huge numbers of targeted drug delivery carriers are developing such as niosomes, proniosomes, liposomes, ethosomes, electrosomes and transferosomes, etc. As compared to other nano carriers, niosomes and proniosomes are much good carriers to increase bioavailability and therapeutic efficiency by reducing its adverse effects. Niosomes or Non- ionic surfactant vesicles are microscopic lamellar structures formed on admixture of non-ionic surfactant of the alkyl or dialkylpolyglycerol ether class and cholesterol with subsequent hydration in aqueous media and its similar to liposomes that can be used as carriers for lipophilic and amphiphilic drugs. Niosomes have been widely evaluated for controlled release and targeted delivery for treatment of viral infections, cancer and other microbial disease. This article reviews advantages, disadvantages, comparison with liposomes, its types, mechanisms involved within niosomes and proniosomes to enhance transdermal drug delivery, composition and its different preparation techniques, factors affecting, its physical as well as chemical characterizations and niosomal applications.

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