ADHD in adults.

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in adults is a common-and, frequently undiagnosed-psychiatric disorder. This article will focus on the symptoms, associated features, diagnosis, differential diagnosis, prevalence, etiology and treatment of this illness.

[1]  P. Wender,et al.  Effects of levodopa on attention deficit disorder, residual type , 1982, Psychiatry Research.

[2]  R. Klein,et al.  Hyperactive boys almost grown up. III. Methylphenidate effects on ultimate height. , 1988, Archives of general psychiatry.

[3]  J. Morrison Adult psychiatric disorders in parents of hyperactive children. , 1980, The American journal of psychiatry.

[4]  R. Tarter,et al.  Differentiation of alcoholics. Childhood history of minimal brain dysfunction, family history, and drinking pattern. , 1977, Archives of general psychiatry.

[5]  M. Stewart,et al.  A family study of the hyperactive child syndrome. , 1971, Biological psychiatry.

[6]  B. Shaywitz,et al.  CSF monoamine metabolites in children with minimal brain dysfunction: evidence for alteration of brain dopamine. A preliminary report. , 1977, The Journal of pediatrics.

[7]  D. Cantwell Psychiatric illness in the families of hyperactive children. , 1972, Archives of general psychiatry.

[8]  L. Boswell,et al.  Methylphenidate effects on symptoms of attention deficit disorder in adults. , 1984, Archives of general psychiatry.

[9]  P. Wender,et al.  Treatment of attention deficit disorder with DL-phenylalanine , 1985, Psychiatry Research.

[10]  D. W. Goodwin,et al.  ALCOHOLISM AND THE HYPERACTIVE CHILD SYNDROME , 1975, The Journal of nervous and mental disease.

[11]  A controlled study of methylphenidate in the treatment of attention deficit disorder, residual type, in adults. , 1985, The American journal of psychiatry.

[12]  H. Akiskal Dysthymic disorder: psychopathology of proposed chronic depressive subtypes. , 1983, The American journal of psychiatry.

[13]  M. Stewart,et al.  The psychiatric status of the legal families of adopted hyperactive children. , 1973, Archives of general psychiatry.

[14]  S. Faraone,et al.  Segregation analysis of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder , 1992 .

[15]  P. Wender Minimal brain dysfunction in children , 1971 .

[16]  P. Wender,et al.  The prevalence of attention deficit disorder, residual type, or minimal brain dysfunction, in a population of male alcoholic patients. , 1983, The American journal of psychiatry.

[17]  R. Klein,et al.  Hyperactive boys almost grown up. V. Replication of psychiatric status. , 1991, Archives of general psychiatry.

[18]  T. Chase,et al.  Central monoamines and hyperkinase of childhood. , 1976, Neurology.

[19]  S. Faraone,et al.  Family-genetic and psychosocial risk factors in DSM-III attention deficit disorder. , 1990, Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry.

[20]  D. Cantwell Genetic studies of hyperactive children: psychiatric illness in biologic and adopting parents. , 1975, Proceedings of the annual meeting of the American Psychopathological Association.

[21]  M. Stein,et al.  Evaluation of adults for ADHD. , 1999, Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry.

[22]  M. Stein,et al.  Psychometric characteristics of the Wender Utah Rating Scale (WURS): reliability and factor structure for men and women. , 1995, Psychopharmacology bulletin.

[23]  S. Mannuzza,et al.  Hyperactive boys almost grown up. I. Psychiatric status. , 1985, Archives of general psychiatry.

[24]  D. Safer,et al.  A familial factor in minimal brain dysfunction , 1973, Behavior genetics.

[25]  G. Weiss,et al.  Hyperactive Children Grown Up: ADHD in Children, Adolescents, and Adults , 1993 .

[26]  Gilberto Zamora,et al.  Dissertation for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy , 2002 .

[27]  S. Mannuzza,et al.  The adolescent outcome of hyperactive girls , 1984, Psychiatry Research.

[28]  P. Wender,et al.  The Wender Utah Rating Scale: an aid in the retrospective diagnosis of childhood attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. , 1993, The American journal of psychiatry.

[29]  J. Stevenson,et al.  A twin study of hyperactivity--I. An examination of hyperactivity scores and categories derived from Rutter teacher and parent questionnaires. , 1989, Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines.

[30]  P. Wender,et al.  An open trial of pargyline in the treatment of attention deficit disorder, residual type , 1983, Psychiatry Research.

[31]  P. Wender Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder in adults. , 1995, The Psychiatric clinics of North America.

[32]  P. Wender,et al.  An open trial of L-tyrosine in the treatment of attention deficit disorder, residual type. , 1987, The American journal of psychiatry.

[33]  J. Stevenson,et al.  A twin study of hyperactivity--II. The aetiological role of genes, family relationships and perinatal adversity. , 1989, Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines.

[34]  S. Faraone,et al.  A double-blind, crossover comparison of methylphenidate and placebo in adults with childhood-onset attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. , 1995, Archives of general psychiatry.

[35]  P. Wender,et al.  Bupropion treatment of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder in adults. , 1990, The American journal of psychiatry.

[36]  J. Benjamin,et al.  Further evidence for family-genetic risk factors in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Patterns of comorbidity in probands and relatives psychiatrically and pediatrically referred samples. , 1992, Archives of general psychiatry.

[37]  R. Klein,et al.  Adult outcome of hyperactive boys. Educational achievement, occupational rank, and psychiatric status. , 1993, Archives of general psychiatry.

[38]  P. Wender,et al.  Diagnosis and treatment of minimal brain dysfunction in adults: a preliminary report. , 1976, Archives of general psychiatry.

[39]  P. Wender,et al.  Cerebrospinal fluid homovanillic acid and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid in adults with attention deficit disorder, residual type , 1984, Psychiatry Research.

[40]  P. Wender THE MINIMAL BRAIN DYSFUNCTION SYNDROME IN CHILDREN: I–THE SYNDROME AND ITS RELEVANCE FOE PSYCHIATRY II–A PSYCHOLOGICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL MODEL FOR THE SYNDROME , 1972, The Journal of nervous and mental disease.

[41]  D. W. Goodwin,et al.  Criminality and psychiatric disorders. , 1969, Archives of general psychiatry.

[42]  P. Wender,et al.  The use of L-deprenyl in the treatment of attention deficit disorder, residual type , 1983 .

[43]  P. Wender,et al.  Attention deficit disorder ('minimal brain dysfunction') in adults. A replication study of diagnosis and drug treatment. , 1981, Archives of general psychiatry.