Comparison on the Absolute Concentrations of Hydroxyl and Atomic Oxygen Generated by Five Different Nonequilibrium Atmospheric-Pressure Plasma Jets

Nonequilibrium atmospheric pressure plasma jets (N-APPJs) generate near or at room temperature plasmas in open space, which is attractive for various applications such as plasma medicine. Because of this advantage, different types of N-APPJs have been reported. Reactive species, such as hydroxyl (OH) and atomic oxygen (O), generated by N-APPJs, are believed to play important roles for many applications. However, there is no report on the comparison of the reactive species concentrations generated by different types of N-APPJs. In this paper, the absolute concentrations of OH and O generated by five different configurations of widely used N-APPJs are compared. For this initial study, all five N-APPJS are driven by the same pulsed dc power supply. Besides, the effects of different operating parameters, including the amplitude of the applied voltage, frequency, the content of the working gas, and the gas flow rate, on their concentrations are investigated. It is found that the OH and O concentrations of the five N-APPJs could have up to one order and five-folder difference, respectively. On the other hand, for all five devices, their peak O concentrations are about two orders higher than their peak OH concentrations. Finally, from the energy point of view, the reactive species generation efficiency of these devices are discussed and future work is proposed.

[1]  G. Dilecce,et al.  Laser diagnostics of high-pressure discharges: laser induced fluorescence detection of OH in He/Ar–H2O dielectric barrier discharges , 2011 .

[2]  Hongyu Fan,et al.  Atmospheric-pressure microplasmas with high current density confined inside helium-filled hollow-core fibers , 2013 .

[3]  P. Dvořák,et al.  Spatially resolved measurement of hydroxyl radical (OH) concentration in an argon RF plasma jet by planar laser-induced fluorescence , 2014 .

[4]  Xi-Wei Hu,et al.  An 11 cm long atmospheric pressure cold plasma plume for applications of plasma medicine , 2008 .

[5]  Mounir Laroussi,et al.  Room-temperature atmospheric pressure plasma plume for biomedical applications , 2005 .

[6]  R. Ono,et al.  Measurement of OH density and air–helium mixture ratio in an atmospheric-pressure helium plasma jet , 2012 .

[7]  R. Rudolph,et al.  Concentration Dependence of VOC Decomposition by Dielectric Barrier Discharges , 2002 .

[8]  G. Naidis,et al.  Production of active species in cold helium–air plasma jets , 2014 .

[9]  M. Keidar,et al.  Cold atmospheric plasma in cancer therapy , 2013 .

[10]  Gyoo Cheon Kim,et al.  Tooth bleaching with nonthermal atmospheric pressure plasma. , 2009, Journal of endodontics.

[11]  Woong-Kwon Kim,et al.  DNA damage and mitochondria dysfunction in cell apoptosis induced by nonthermal air plasma , 2010 .

[12]  G. Naidis.  Modelling of OH production in cold atmospheric-pressure He–H2O plasma jets , 2013 .

[13]  Manfred Stieber,et al.  RF Capillary Jet ‐ a Tool for Localized Surface Treatment , 2007 .

[14]  K. Weltmann,et al.  Atomic oxygen in a cold argon plasma jet: TALIF spectroscopy in ambient air with modelling and measurements of ambient species diffusion , 2012 .

[15]  David B. Graves,et al.  Reactive species in non-equilibrium atmospheric-pressure plasmas: Generation, transport, and biological effects , 2016 .

[16]  Xinpei Lu,et al.  The effect of three different methods of adding O2 additive on O concentration of atmospheric pressure plasma jets (APPJs) , 2016 .

[17]  P. Bruggeman,et al.  Atomic oxygen TALIF measurements in an atmospheric-pressure microwave plasma jet with in situ xenon calibration , 2013 .

[18]  P. Bruggeman,et al.  Electron properties and air mixing in radio frequency driven argon plasma jets at atmospheric pressure , 2013 .

[19]  M. Meyyappan,et al.  Plasma nanoscience: from nano-solids in plasmas to nano-plasmas in solids , 2013, 1306.6711.

[20]  Tomoyuki Murakami,et al.  Afterglow chemistry of atmospheric-pressure helium–oxygen plasmas with humid air impurity , 2014 .

[21]  Xinpei Lu,et al.  On Atmospheric Pressure Nonequilibrium Plasma Jets , 2013 .

[22]  Sean P. Gorman,et al.  Non-thermal Plasma Exposure Rapidly Attenuates Bacterial AHL-Dependent Quorum Sensing and Virulence , 2016, Scientific Reports.

[23]  Xinpei Lu,et al.  On OH Density of an Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Jet by Laser-Induced Fluorescence , 2014, IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science.

[24]  M. Teschke,et al.  High-speed photographs of a dielectric barrier atmospheric pressure plasma jet , 2005, IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science.

[25]  M. Rong,et al.  Contrasting characteristics of sub-microsecond pulsed atmospheric air and atmospheric pressure helium–oxygen glow discharges , 2010 .

[26]  Mounir Laroussi,et al.  From Killing Bacteria to Destroying Cancer Cells: 20 Years of Plasma Medicine , 2014 .

[27]  G. Kim,et al.  High-efficiency tooth bleaching using non-thermal atmospheric pressure plasma with low concentration of hydrogen peroxide , 2013, Journal of applied oral science : revista FOB.

[28]  E. Choi,et al.  Micronucleus formation induced by dielectric barrier discharge plasma exposure in brain cancer cells , 2012 .

[29]  Fan Wu,et al.  A donut-shape distribution of OH radicals in atmospheric pressure plasma jets , 2017 .

[30]  M. Kushner,et al.  A model for plasma modification of polypropylene using atmospheric pressure discharges , 2003 .

[31]  Michael Keidar,et al.  Modeling of atmospheric-pressure anodic carbon arc producing carbon nanotubes , 2009 .

[32]  S. Uchida,et al.  Study on Decay Characteristics of OH Radical Density in Pulsed Discharge in Ar/H2O , 2004 .

[33]  Xinpei Lu,et al.  OH density optimization in atmospheric-pressure plasma jet by using multiple ring electrodes , 2016 .

[34]  J. Walsh,et al.  Contrasting characteristics of linear-field and cross-field atmospheric plasma jets , 2008 .

[35]  Mounir Laroussi,et al.  Low Temperature Plasma-Based Sterilization: Overview and State-of-the-Art , 2005 .

[36]  H. Döbele,et al.  Absolute atomic oxygen density measurements by two-photon absorption laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy in an RF-excited atmospheric pressure plasma jet , 2005 .

[37]  David B. Graves,et al.  Low temperature plasma biomedicine: A tutorial reviewa) , 2014 .

[38]  Dongping Liu,et al.  Inactivation of the tomato pathogen cladosporium fulvum by an atmospheric-pressure cold plasma jet , 2014 .

[39]  D. W. Setser,et al.  Radiative lifetimes and two‐body collisional deactivation rate constants in Ar for Xe(5p56p),Xe(5p56p), and Xe(5p57p) states , 1981 .

[40]  D. Graves,et al.  Gas flow dependence of ground state atomic oxygen in plasma needle discharge at atmospheric pressure , 2010 .

[41]  T. Murakami,et al.  Interacting kinetics of neutral and ionic species in an atmospheric-pressure helium–oxygen plasma with humid air impurities , 2013 .

[42]  P. Bruggeman,et al.  On OH production in water containing atmospheric pressure plasmas , 2010 .

[43]  Satoshi Hamaguchi,et al.  Effects of pH on Bacterial Inactivation in Aqueous Solutions due to Low‐Temperature Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Application , 2010 .

[44]  P. Bruggeman,et al.  The effect of collisional quenching of the O 3p 3PJ state on the determination of the spatial distribution of the atomic oxygen density in an APPJ operating in ambient air by TALIF , 2014 .

[45]  Xinpei Lu,et al.  A study on the temporally and spatially resolved OH radical distribution of a room-temperature atmospheric-pressure plasma jet by laser-induced fluorescence imaging , 2013 .

[46]  Xinpei Lu,et al.  The production mechanisms of OH radicals in a pulsed direct current plasma jet , 2014 .

[47]  M. M. Evans,et al.  Atmospheric pressure gas plasma-induced colorectal cancer cell death is mediated by Nox2-ASK1 apoptosis pathways and oxidative stress is mitigated by Srx-Nrf2 anti-oxidant system. , 2014, Biochimica et biophysica acta.

[48]  J. Benedikt,et al.  The Role of Oxygen and Surface Reactions in the Deposition of Silicon Oxide like Films from HMDSO at Atmospheric Pressure , 2011, 1105.5899.

[49]  Eun Ha Choi,et al.  Effect of jet plasma on T98G human brain cancer cells , 2013 .

[50]  Ronny Brandenburg,et al.  Atmospheric pressure plasma jets: an overview of devices and new directions , 2015 .

[51]  R. Ono,et al.  Flux of OH and O radicals onto a surface by an atmospheric-pressure helium plasma jet measured by laser-induced fluorescence , 2014 .

[52]  D. Setser,et al.  Quenching Rate Constants and Product Assignments for Reactions of Xe(7p[3/2]2, 7p[5/2]2, and 6p‘[3/2]2) Atoms with Rare Gases, CO, H2, N2O, CH4, and Halogen-Containing Molecules , 1996 .

[53]  Kari Niemi,et al.  Absolute calibration of atomic density measurements by laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy with two-photon excitation , 2001 .

[54]  S. Reuter,et al.  Absolute atomic oxygen density distributions in the effluent of a microscale atmospheric pressure plasma jet , 2008 .

[55]  P. Bruggeman,et al.  Laser scattering on an atmospheric pressure plasma jet: disentangling Rayleigh, Raman and Thomson scattering , 2012 .

[56]  Mounir Laroussi,et al.  Guided ionization waves : theory and experiments , 2014 .

[57]  D. Liu,et al.  Numerical and experimental study on a pulsed-dc plasma jet , 2014 .

[58]  P. Ambrico,et al.  LIF and fast imaging plasma jet characterization relevant for NTP biomedical applications , 2014 .

[59]  P. Ambrico,et al.  LIF diagnostics of hydroxyl radical in atmospheric pressure He-H2O dielectric barrier discharges , 2012 .