An Introduction to Metamorphic Petrology

1. The concepts of metamorphism. 2. Chemical equilibrium in metamorphism. 3. Metamorphism of pelitic rocks. 4. Metamorphisms of basic igneous rocks. 5. Metamorphism of marbles and calc-silicate rocks. 6. Metamorphic textures and processes. 7. The relationships between regional metamorphism and tectonic processes.

[1]  C. Garrido,et al.  Metamorphic Record of High-pressure Dehydration of Antigorite Serpentinite to Chlorite Harzburgite in a Subduction Setting (Cerro del Almirez, Nevado–Filábride Complex, Southern Spain) , 2011 .

[2]  D. P. Carrington The relative stability of garnet-cordierite and orthopyroxene-sillimanite-quartz assemblages in metapelitic granulites: experimental data;The relative stability of garnet-cordierite and orthopyroxene-sillimanite-quartz assemblages in metapelitic granulites: experimental data , 1995 .

[3]  A. Baksi Paraná flood basalt volcanism primarily limited to 1 Myr beginning at 135 Ma: New 40 Ar/ 39 Ar ages for rocks from Rio Grande do Sul, and critical evaluation of published radiometric data , 2017 .

[4]  J. Percival Granulite-Facies Metamorphism and Crustal Magmatism in the Ashuanipi Complex, Quebec-Labrador, Canada , 1991 .

[5]  F. Spear An experimental study of hornblende stability and compositional variability in amphibolite , 1981 .

[6]  D. Perkins,et al.  Metamorphic conditions of late Archean high-grade gneisses, Minnesota River valley, U.S.A. , 1986 .

[7]  D. McKenzie,et al.  The Generation and Compaction of Partially Molten Rock , 1984 .

[8]  J. Saleeby Age and tectonic setting of the Duke Island ultramafic intrusion, southeast Alaska , 1992 .

[9]  M. V. Kranendonk,et al.  Geology and Tectonic Evolution of the Archean North Pilbara Terrain,Pilbara Craton, Western Australia , 2002 .

[10]  J. Konnerup-Madsen,et al.  Volatiles associated with alkaline igneous rift activity: Fluid inclusions in the Ilímaussaq intrusion and the Gardar granitic complexes (south Greenland) , 1982 .

[11]  W. Martin,et al.  Serpentinization as a source of energy at the origin of life , 2010, Geobiology.

[12]  O. Vidal,et al.  Carpholite, sudoite, and chloritoid in low-grade high-pressure metapelites from Crete and the Peloponnese, Greece , 1992 .

[13]  D. Coombs Lawsonite metagraywackes in New Zealand , 1960 .

[14]  L. Muffler,et al.  Preliminary Assessment of Volcanic and Hydrothermal Hazards in Yellowstone National Park and Vicinity , 2007 .

[15]  R. Batchelor Geochemical and petrological characteristics of the Etive granitoid complex, Argyll , 1987, Scottish Journal of Geology.

[16]  A. Basu,et al.  Origin of the Sudbury Complex by Meteoritic Impact: Neodymium Isotopic Evidence , 1985, Science.

[17]  N. Christensen,et al.  Olivine fabrics in the Bay of Islands Ophiolite: implications for oceanic mantle structure and anisotropy , 1985 .

[18]  C. A. Hopson Geologic Map of Mount St. Helens, Washington Prior to the 1980 Eruption , 2008 .

[19]  Michael P. Poland,et al.  Chapter 5 Magma Supply , Storage , and Transport at Shield-Stage Hawaiian Volcanoes , 2022 .

[20]  G. Eby Monteregian Hills II. Petrography, Major and Trace Element Geochemistry, and Strontium Isotopic Chemistry of the Eastern Intrusions: Mounts Shefford, Brome, and Megantic , 1985 .

[21]  H. Jung Seismic anisotropy produced by serpentine in mantle wedge , 2011 .

[22]  S. Morse Kiglapait Geochemistry II: Petrography , 1979 .

[23]  C. Newhall,et al.  The Cataclysmic 1991 Eruption of Mount Pinatubo, Philippines , 1997 .

[24]  N. Chatterjee,et al.  Magnesian andesite and dacite lavas from Mt. Shasta, northern California: products of fractional crystallization of H2O-rich mantle melts , 2005 .

[25]  W. Hildreth,et al.  Isotopic and chemical evidence concerning the genesis and contamination of basaltic and rhyolitic magma beneath the Yellowstone Plateau Volcanic Field , 1991 .

[26]  B. Radhakrishna Gold Degassing and Deposition of Galeras Volcano Colombia , 1995 .

[27]  A. E. Ringwood,et al.  A Comparison of Recent Experimental Data on the Gabbro-Garnet Granulite-Eclogite Transition , 1972, The Journal of Geology.

[28]  J. Valley,et al.  Zircon megacrysts from kimberlite: oxygen isotope variability among mantle melts , 1998 .

[29]  B. W. Evans Metamorphism of Alpine Peridotite and Serpentinite , 1977 .

[30]  B. Frost,et al.  A Geochemical Classification for Feldspathic Igneous Rocks , 2008 .

[31]  H. Winkler,et al.  Petrogenesis of metamorphic rocks , 1965 .

[32]  N. Daczko,et al.  Mineral Equilibria Modeling of the Granulite–Eclogite Transition: Effects of Whole-Rock Composition on Metamorphic Facies Type-Assemblages , 2012 .

[33]  D. Forsyth The evolution of the upper mantle beneath mid-ocean ridges☆ , 1977 .

[34]  K. P. Skjerlie,et al.  Fluid-Absent Melting Behavior of an F-Rich Tonalitic Gneiss at Mid-Crustal Pressures: Implications for the Generation of Anorogenic Granites , 1993 .

[35]  R. Santacroce,et al.  A Transitional Basalt-Pantellerite Sequence of Fractional Crystallization, the Boina Centre (Afar Rift, Ethiopia) , 1975 .

[36]  C. Frost,et al.  Tobago, West Indies, a fragment of a Mesozoic oceanic island arc: petrochemical evidence , 1989, Journal of the Geological Society.

[37]  S. Galer,et al.  Geochemical and Isotopic Heterogeneities along an Island Arc–Spreading Ridge Intersection: Evidence from the Lewis Hills, Bay of Islands Ophiolite, Newfoundland , 2004 .

[38]  A. Miyashiro Classification, Characteristics, and Origin of Ophiolites , 1975, The Journal of Geology.

[39]  J. Watkins,et al.  Non-Traditional Stable Isotopes: Retrospective and Prospective , 2017 .

[40]  I. Parsons Feldspars and fluids in cooling plutons , 1978, Mineralogical Magazine.

[41]  J. Wilkinson,et al.  The petrology of some picrites from Mauna Loa and Kilauea volcanoes, Hawaii , 1988 .

[42]  T. Barry,et al.  New 40Ar/39Ar dating of the Grande Ronde lavas, Columbia River Basalts, USA: Implications for duration of flood basalt eruption episodes , 2010 .

[43]  H. Eugster Granites and hydrothermal ore deposits: a geochemical framework , 1985, Mineralogical Magazine.

[44]  R. Sillitoe Porphyry Copper Systems , 2010 .

[45]  R. Kirkham Porphyry copper deposits. , 1982, Science.

[46]  C. Frost,et al.  Caledonian Magma Genesis and Crustal Recycling , 1985 .

[47]  B. Frost,et al.  Proterozoic ferroan feldspathic magmatism , 2013 .

[48]  P. Stoffers,et al.  Migration of widespread long-lived volcanism across the Galápagos Volcanic Province: Evidence for a broad hotspot melting anomaly? , 2007 .

[49]  P. Vikre Fluid-mineral relations in the Comstock Lode , 1989 .

[50]  N. L. Bowen The melting phenomena of the plagioclase feldspars , 1913 .

[51]  A. M. Kozror,et al.  Redetermination of the anorthite breakdown reaction and improvement of the plagioclase-garnet-AlrSiOr-quartz geobarometer , 1988 .

[52]  P. Eskola THE MINERAL FACIES OF ROCKS , 2013 .

[53]  R. Miller,et al.  The utility of crustal cross sections in the analysis of orogenic processes in contrasting tectonic settings , 2009 .

[54]  V. Trommsdorff,et al.  Revised Thermobarometry of Alpe Arami and other Garnet Peridotites from the Central Alps , 2001 .

[55]  Zhaojie Guo,et al.  Late Carboniferous collision between the Tarim and Kazakhstan-Yili terranes in the western segment of the South Tian Shan Orogen, Central Asia, and implications for the Northern Xinjiang, western China , 2011 .

[56]  R. Dietz Shatter Cones in Cryptoexplosion Structures (Meteorite Impact?) , 1959, The Journal of Geology.

[57]  B. Frost,et al.  On Ferroan (A-type) Granitoids: their Compositional Variability and Modes of Origin , 2011 .

[58]  H. Day,et al.  Petrology and Emplacement of Reversely Zoned Gabbro-Diorite Plutons in the Smartville Complex, Northern California , 1988 .

[59]  B. Nesbitt,et al.  Metamorphic zonation of sulfides, oxides, and graphite in and around the orebodies at Ducktown, Tennessee , 1980 .

[60]  G. Barrow On the geology of lower dee-side and the southern highland border , 1912 .

[61]  A. Hofmann,et al.  Mesoproterozoic Sm–Nd and U–Pb ages for the Kunene Anorthosite Complex of SW Angola , 2004 .

[62]  J. Percival A regional perspective of the Quetico metasedimentary belt, Superior Province, Canada , 1989 .

[63]  W. T. Parry,et al.  Clay Mineralogy of Phyllic and Intermediate Argillic Alteration at Bingham, Utah , 2002 .

[64]  A. Tindle,et al.  Trace Element Discrimination Diagrams for the Tectonic Interpretation of Granitic Rocks , 1984 .

[65]  D. Jerram,et al.  Silicic volcanism: an undervalued component of large igneous provinces and volcanic rifted margins , 2002 .

[66]  R. Tucker,et al.  Age and radiogenic isotopic composition of a late- to post-tectonic anorthosite in the Grenville Province: the Labrieville massif, Quebec , 1994 .

[67]  D. Stockli,et al.  Dynamic Magma Systems, Crustal Recycling, and Alteration in the Central Sierra Nevada Batholith: the Oxygen Isotope Record , 2008 .

[68]  I. Arienzo,et al.  Magmatic History of Somma–Vesuvius on the Basis of New Geochemical and Isotopic Data from a Deep Borehole (Camaldoli della Torre) , 2007 .

[69]  H. Taylor The Application of Oxygen and Hydrogen Isotope Studies to Problems of Hydrothermal Alteration and Ore Deposition , 1974 .

[70]  A. Rosenthal,et al.  Petrogenesis of strongly alkaline primitive volcanic rocks at the propagating tip of the western branch of the East African Rift , 2009 .

[71]  D. Groves,et al.  The evolution of Archaean greenstone terrains, Eastern Goldfields Province, Western Australia , 1978 .

[72]  L. Ashwal THE TEMPORALITY OF ANORTHOSITES , 2010 .

[73]  D. Pattison Instability of Al2SiO5 “triple-point” assemblages in muscovite+biotite+quartz-bearing metapelites, with implications , 2001 .

[74]  R. Mitchell,et al.  Petrology of Lamproites , 1991 .

[75]  P. Wignall Large igneous provinces and mass extinctions , 2001 .

[76]  P. England,et al.  Pressure—Temperature—Time Paths of Regional Metamorphism II. Their Inference and Interpretation using Mineral Assemblages in Metamorphic Rocks , 1984 .

[77]  M. Kohn Metamorphic chronology—a tool for all ages: Past achievements and future prospects , 2016 .

[78]  A. Miyashiro Volcanic rock series in island arcs and active continental margins , 1974 .

[79]  M. Handy,et al.  Transition from orogen-perpendicular to orogen-parallel exhumation and cooling during crustal indentation — Key constraints from 147Sm/144Nd and 87Rb/87Sr geochronology (Tauern Window, Alps) , 2015 .

[80]  S. Ishihara The Magnetite-series and Ilmenite-series Granitic Rocks , 1977 .

[81]  I. Williams,et al.  Considerations in Zircon Geochronology by SIMS , 2003 .

[82]  Peter R. Hooper,et al.  The origin of the Columbia River flood basalt province: Plume versus nonplume models , 2007 .

[83]  T. Pettke,et al.  Plagioclase Peridotites in Ocean–Continent Transitions: Refertilized Mantle Domains Generated by Melt Stagnation in the Shallow Mantle Lithosphere , 2010 .

[84]  M. Norman,et al.  Chronology, geochemistry, and petrology of a ferroan noritic anorthosite clast from Descartes breccia 67215: Clues to the age, origin, structure, and impact history of the lunar crust , 2003 .

[85]  R. W. Le Maitre,et al.  A Chemical Classification of Volcanic Rocks Based on the Total Alkali-Silica Diagram , 1986 .

[86]  D. Lindsley Experimental studies of oxide minerals , 1991 .

[87]  B. Chappell,et al.  Two contrasting granite types , 1974 .

[88]  D. M. Carmichael Metamorphic bathozones and bathograds; a measure of the depth of post-metamorphic uplift and erosion on the regional scale , 1978 .

[89]  B. Makeev,et al.  After-coal diamonds: an enigmatic type of impact diamonds , 2018 .

[90]  D. Weis,et al.  Age and Nd–Hf isotopic constraints on the origin of marginal rocks from the Muskox layered intrusion (Nunavut, Canada) and implications for the evolution of the 1.27Ga Mackenzie large igneous province , 2009 .

[91]  D. Lindsley,et al.  MAGMATIC AND STRUCTURAL EVOLUTION OF AN ANORTHOSITIC MAGMA CHAMBER: THE POE MOUNTAIN INTRUSION, LARAMIE ANORTHOSITE COMPLEX, WYOMING , 2010 .

[92]  A. Streckeisen To each plutonic rock its proper name , 1976 .

[93]  P. Kalvig,et al.  Geochemistry of anorthositic differentiated sills in the Archean (~ 2970 Ma) Fiskenæsset Complex, SW Greenland: Implications for parental magma compositions, geodynamic setting, and secular heat flow in arcs , 2011 .

[94]  I. Nikogosian,et al.  Heterogeneous mantle sources of potassium-rich magmas in central-southern Italy: Melt inclusion evidence from Roccamonfina and Ernici (Mid Latina Valley) , 2010 .

[95]  H. Greenwood Wollastonite: Stability in H2O-CO2 Mixtures and Occurrence in a Contact—Metamorphic Aureole Near Salmo, British Columbia, Canada , 1967 .

[96]  P. Kelemen,et al.  A Felsic End to Bushveld Differentiation , 2010 .

[97]  K. Gopalan,et al.  Sm-Nd and Rb-Sr ages and P-T history of the Archean Sittampundi and Bhavani layered meta-anorthosite complexes in Cauvery shear zone, South India: evidence for Neoproterozoic reworking of Archean crust , 1996 .

[98]  I. Katayama,et al.  Global UHP Metamorphism and Continental Subduction/Collision: The Himalayan Model , 2004 .

[99]  M. Loiselle,et al.  Characteristics and origin of anorogenic granites , 1979 .

[100]  J. Myers Channel deposits of peridotite, gabbro and chromitite from turbidity currents in the stratiform Fiskenæsset anorthosite complex, southwest Greenland , 1976 .

[101]  E. Zen Phase Relations of Peraluminous Granitic Rocks and Their Petrogenetic Implications , 1988 .

[102]  L. Beccaluva,et al.  Post-collisional and intraplate Cenozoic volcanism in the rifted Apennines/Adriatic domain , 2008 .

[103]  J. Gutzmer,et al.  Intrusive origin for Upper Group (UG1, UG2) stratiform chromitite seams in the Dwars River area, Bushveld Complex, South Africa , 2009 .

[104]  M. Harris,et al.  Integrated Ocean Drilling Program Expedition 335 Preliminary Report: Superfast Spreading Rate Crust 4. Drilling gabbro in intact ocean crust formed at a superfast spreading rate, 13 April–3 June 2011 , 2011 .

[105]  H. Sørensen,et al.  Geochemical overview of the Ilímaussaq alkaline complex, South Greenland , 2001 .

[106]  F. Rolfo,et al.  Ultrahigh-pressure metamorphism and multistage exhumation of eclogite of the Luotian dome, North Dabie Complex Zone (central China): Evidence from mineral inclusions and decompression textures , 2011 .

[107]  J. Boles,et al.  Origin of zeolite cements in the Miocene sandstones, North Tejon Oil Fields, California , 1993 .

[108]  G. Capitani,et al.  The modulated crystal structure of antigorite: The m = 17 polysome , 2004 .

[109]  R. Shinjo,et al.  Metasomatized lithospheric mantle beneath Turkana depression in southern Ethiopia (the East Africa Rift): geochemical and Sr–Nd–Pb isotopic characteristics , 2011 .

[110]  Alexandra Glover,et al.  Granitic Pegmatites: Storehouses of Industrial Minerals , 2012 .

[111]  R. Sparks,et al.  Vertically extensive and unstable magmatic systems: A unified view of igneous processes , 2017, Science.

[112]  A. Albee,et al.  High-pressure metamorphism in mafic schist from northern Vermont , 1981 .

[113]  P. Thurston,et al.  Metamorphic and tectonic evolution of the Uchi-English River Subprovince , 1978 .

[114]  A. H. Chidester Petrology and geochemistry of selected talc-bearing ultramafic rocks and adjacent country rocks in north-central Vermont , 1962 .

[115]  B. Yardley,et al.  A Caledonian blueschist from the Irish Dalradian , 1979, Nature.

[116]  R. Kistler,et al.  Reconstruction of crustal blocks of California on the basis of initial strontium isotopic compositions of Mesozoic granitic rocks , 1978 .

[117]  B. Schoene,et al.  Rapid eruption of the Columbia River flood basalt and correlation with the mid-Miocene climate optimum , 2018, Science Advances.

[118]  F. Boudier,et al.  Axial melt lenses at oceanic ridges — A case study in the Oman ophiolite , 2011 .

[119]  C. Newhall,et al.  Forecasts and predictions of eruptive activity at Mount St. Helens, USA: 1975-1984 , 1985 .

[120]  R. V. Fisher Rocks composed of volcanic fragments and their classification , 1966 .

[121]  J. Woodhead,et al.  Advances in Isotope Ratio Determination by LA–ICP–MS , 2016 .

[122]  J. G. Holland,et al.  Geochemistry of the Lesser Antilles volcanic island arc , 1977 .

[123]  F. Pezzotta,et al.  Granitic Pegmatites as Sources of Colored Gemstones , 2012 .

[124]  C. E. Tilley Earlier Stages in the Metamorphism of Siliceous Dolomites , 1948 .

[125]  T. Falloon,et al.  Macquarie Island: Its geology, structural history, and the timing and tectonic setting of its N-MORB to E-MORB magmatism , 2000 .

[126]  K. Farley,et al.  Thermal evolution and exhumation of deep-level batholithic exposures, southernmost Sierra Nevada, California , 2007 .

[127]  S. Bowring,et al.  High-precision geochronology links the Ferrar large igneous province with early-Jurassic ocean anoxia and biotic crisis , 2015 .

[128]  N. L. Bowen Progressive Metamorphism of Siliceous Limestone and Dolomite , 1940, The Journal of Geology.

[129]  J. Crisp Rates of magma emplacement and volcanic output , 1984 .

[130]  K. Bucher,et al.  The Eclogite-facies Allalin Gabbro of the Zermatt–Saas Ophiolite, Western Alps: a Record of Subduction Zone Hydration , 2009 .

[131]  B. Frost Limits to the assemblage forsterite-anorthite as inferred from peridotite hornfelses, Icicle Creek, Washington , 1976 .

[132]  D. Pattison Temperatures of Granulite-facies Metamorphism: Constraints from Experimental Phase Equilibria and Thermobarometry Corrected for Retrograde Exchange , 2003 .

[133]  S. Mertzman,et al.  Genesis of post-hotspot, A-type rhyolite of the Eastern Snake River Plain volcanic field by extreme fractional crystallization of olivine tholeiite , 2007, Bulletin of Volcanology.

[134]  E. R. Oxburgh,et al.  Continental rifts as a setting for regional metamorphism , 1985, Nature.

[135]  Robert G. Berman,et al.  THERMOBAROMETRY USING MULTI-EOUILIBRIUM CALCULATIONS: A NEW TECHNIOUE, WITH PETROLOGICAL APPLICATIONS- , 1991 .

[136]  Alan Bruce Thompson,et al.  Pressure—Temperature—Time Paths of Regional Metamorphism I. Heat Transfer during the Evolution of Regions of Thickened Continental Crust , 1984 .

[137]  C. M. Scarfe,et al.  Viscosity of Basic Magmas at Varying Pressure , 1973 .

[138]  E. Sawyer,et al.  Formation of Diatexite Migmatite and Granite Magma during Anatexis of Semi-pelitic Metasedimentary Rocks: an Example from St. Malo, France , 2001 .

[139]  L. Jolivet,et al.  Cold subduction and the formation of lawsonite eclogite – constraints from prograde evolution of eclogitized pillow lava from Corsica , 2010 .

[140]  S. Schmidt Regional and local patterns of low‐grade metamorphism in the North Shore Volcanic Group, Minnesota, USA , 1993 .

[141]  James B. Thompson The Graphical Analysis of Mineral Assemblages in Pelitic Schists , 1957 .

[142]  M. Roderick,et al.  The cause of decreased pan evaporation over the past 50 years. , 2002, Science.

[143]  A. Albee A petrogenetic grid for the Fe-Mg silicates of pelitic schists , 1965 .

[144]  R. Mundil,et al.  Repeated, multiscale, magmatic erosion and recycling in an upper-crustal pluton: implications for magma chamber dynamics and magma volume estimates , 2016 .

[145]  A. Pêcher The metamorphism in the Central Himalaya , 1989 .

[146]  J. Mattinson Zircon U–Pb chemical abrasion (“CA-TIMS”) method: Combined annealing and multi-step partial dissolution analysis for improved precision and accuracy of zircon ages , 2005 .

[147]  G. J. Taylor,et al.  Ancient lunar crust: origin, composition, and implications. , 2009 .

[148]  M. Rabinowicz,et al.  Melt Segregation in the Lower Part of the Partially Molten Mantle Zone beneath an Oceanic Spreading Centre: Numerical Modelling of the Combined Effects of Shear Segregation and Compaction , 2009 .

[149]  N. L. Bowen,et al.  The binary system MgO-SiO 2 , 1914 .

[150]  R. Johnson,et al.  The Mineralogy and Petrology of Mount Suswa, Kenya , 1969 .

[151]  N. Petford Which effective viscosity? , 2009, Mineralogical Magazine.

[152]  O. F. Tuttle,et al.  The System NaAlSi3O8-KAlSi3O8-H2O , 1950, The Journal of Geology.

[153]  M. Marks,et al.  Chemical and physical evolution of the ‘lower layered sequence’ from the nepheline syenitic Ilímaussaq intrusion, South Greenland: Implications for the origin of magmatic layering in peralkaline felsic liquids , 2008 .

[154]  G. Skippen An experimental model for low pressure metamorphism of siliceous dolomitic marble , 1974 .

[155]  M. Marks,et al.  Nd-, O-, and H-isotopic evidence for complex, closed-system fluid evolution of the peralkaline Ilı́maussaq intrusion, south Greenland , 2004 .

[156]  B. Edwards,et al.  Petrogenesis of the 1·43 Ga Sherman Batholith, SE Wyoming, USA: a Reduced, Rapakivi-type Anorogenic Granite , 1999 .

[157]  S. Swapp,et al.  CHEMICAL AND ISOTOPIC EVOLUTION OF THE ANORTHOSITIC PLUTONS OF THE LARAMIE ANORTHOSITE COMPLEX: EXPLANATIONS FOR VARIATIONS IN SILICA ACTIVITY AND OXYGEN FUGACITY OF MASSIF ANORTHOSITES , 2010 .

[158]  Zhong‐Yuan Ren,et al.  Geochemical Differences of the Hawaiian Shield Lavas: Implications for Melting Process in the Heterogeneous Hawaiian Plume , 2009 .

[159]  J. E. Jenkins,et al.  Experimental characterization of the greenschist/amphibolite boundary in mafic systems , 1983 .

[160]  R. Powell,et al.  Calculating phase diagrams involving solid solutions via non‐linear equations, with examples using THERMOCALC , 1998 .

[161]  J. Schumacher,et al.  High-Temperature Metamorphism and the Role of Magmatic Heat Sources at the Rogaland Anorthosite Complex in Southwestern Norway , 2003 .

[162]  S. C. Douglas The nature and alteration of some Triassic sediments from Southland, New Zealand , 1954 .

[163]  K. Michibayashi,et al.  The effect of dynamic recrystallization on olivine fabric and seismic anisotropy: Insight from a ductile shear zone, Oman ophiolite , 2006 .

[164]  H. C. Heard,et al.  Subsolidus Phase Relations in the System CaCO3-MgCO3 , 1961, The Journal of Geology.

[165]  Yue-heng Yang,et al.  Allanite U–Th–Pb geochronology by ion microprobe , 2020 .

[166]  M. Hamilton,et al.  Paleomagnetism, U–Pb geochronology, and geochemistry of Lac Esprit and other dyke swarms, James Bay area, Quebec, and implications for Paleoproterozoic deformation of the Superior Province , 2007 .

[167]  E. Zen Aluminum Enrichment in Silicate Melts by Fractional Crystallization: Some Mineralogic and Petrographic Constraints , 1986 .

[168]  D. Lindsley,et al.  PETROLOGY, GEOCHEMISTRY, AND STRUCTURE OF THE CHUGWATER ANORTHOSITE, LARAMIE ANORTHOSITE COMPLEX, SOUTHEASTERN WYOMING , 2010 .

[169]  J. Ketchum,et al.  The High Pressure belt in the Grenville Province: architecture, timing, and exhumation , 2002 .

[170]  A. Miyashiro Evolution of Metamorphic Belts , 1961 .

[171]  H. Chiba Oxygen isotope fractionations involving diopside, forsterite, magnetite, and calcite: Application to geothermometry : , , and (1989) Goechim. Cosmochim. Acta 53 , 2985-2995 , 1991 .

[172]  D. Clague,et al.  Growth and degradation of Hawaiian volcanoes: Chapter 3 in Characteristics of Hawaiian volcanoes , 2014 .

[173]  B. W. Evans,et al.  Progressive metamorphism of antigorite schist in the Bergell tonalite aureole (Italy) , 1972 .

[174]  M. Richards,et al.  State shift in Deccan volcanism at the Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary, possibly induced by impact , 2015, Science.

[175]  B. Frost,et al.  Low-grade Metamorphism of the Karmutsen Volcanics, Vancouver Island, British Columbia , 1990 .

[176]  J. Spray,et al.  Quartz–coesite–stishovite relations in shocked metaquartzites from the Vredefort impact structure, South Africa , 2018 .

[177]  E. Christiansen,et al.  Contrasting origins of Cenozoic silicic volcanic rocks from the western Cordillera of the United States , 2007, Bulletin of Volcanology.

[178]  Calvin G. Barnes,et al.  A Geochemical Classification for Granitic Rocks , 2001 .

[179]  R. Berman,et al.  Internally consistent thermodynamic data for minerals in the system Na2O-K2O-CaO-MgO-FeO-F , 1988 .

[180]  D. Dzurisin,et al.  Magma supply and storage at Kilauea volcano, Hawaii, 1956 1983 , 1984 .

[181]  David L. Williams,et al.  Submarine Thermal Springs on the Gal�pagos Rift , 1979, Science.

[182]  D. Twist,et al.  The Compositionally-zoned Sheet-like Granite Pluton of the Bushveld Complex: Evidence Bearing on the Nature of A-type Magmatism , 1989 .

[183]  S. Rasskazov,et al.  40Ar/39Ar dating of Usol'skii sill in the south‐eastern Siberian Traps Large Igneous Province: evidence for long‐lived magmatism , 2005 .

[184]  D. McKenzie,et al.  Partial melt distributions from inversion of rare earth element concentrations , 1991 .

[185]  E. Watson,et al.  Experimental calibration of oxygen isotope fractionation between quartz and zircon , 2009 .

[186]  D. Lentz,et al.  Felsic magmatic phases and the role of late-stage aplitic dykes in the formation of the world-class Cantung Tungsten skarn deposit, Northwest Territories, Canada , 2011 .

[187]  R. Kinzler,et al.  Metasomatic Chromitite Seams in the Bushveld and Rum Layered Intrusions , 2017 .

[188]  B. Frost,et al.  On Silica Activity and Serpentinization , 2007 .

[189]  Clive Oppenheimer,et al.  The size and frequency of the largest explosive eruptions on Earth , 2004 .

[190]  D. Gee,et al.  Subduction along and within the Baltoscandian margin during closing of the Iapetus Ocean and Baltica-Laurentia collision , 2013 .

[191]  M. Kohn,et al.  Significant Ages—An Introduction to Petrochronology , 2017 .

[192]  A. Gerdes,et al.  U–Th–Pb and Lu–Hf systematics of zircon from TTG's, leucosomes, meta-anorthosites and quartzites of the Limpopo Belt (South Africa): Constraints for the formation, recycling and metamorphism of Palaeoarchaean crust , 2010 .

[193]  S. Wilde,et al.  Geochronology and geodynamics of Scottish granitoids from the late Neoproterozoic break-up of Rodinia to Palaeozoic collision , 2008, Journal of the Geological Society.

[194]  G. Skippen Experimental Data for Reactions in Siliceous Marbles , 1971, The Journal of Geology.

[195]  A. Baksi Comment to “Distribution and geochronology of the Oregon Plateau (U.S.A.) flood basalt volcanism: The Steens Basalt Revisited” by M.E. Brueseke et al. [J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res. 161 (2007), 187–214] , 2010 .

[196]  Joseph Gambogi,et al.  A world of minerals in your mobile device , 2016 .

[197]  B. Frost,et al.  CO2, melts and granulite metamorphism , 1987, Nature.

[198]  J. Moore,et al.  Equilibria in siliceous dolomites of the Alta aureole, Utah , 1976 .

[199]  K. Tödheide,et al.  Das Zweiphasengebiet und die kritische Kurve im System Kohlendioxid–Wasser bis zu Drucken von 3500 bar , 1963 .

[200]  W. Hart,et al.  Distribution and geochronology of Oregon Plateau (U.S.A.) flood basalt volcanism: The Steens Basalt revisited , 2007 .

[201]  H. Dick,et al.  Past and Future Impact of Deep Drilling in the Oceanic Crust and Mantle , 2006 .

[202]  W. Schaller Mineralogic notes, series 3 , 2022 .

[203]  H. Taylor,et al.  Igneous rocks; I, Processes of isotopic fractionation and isotope systematics , 1986 .

[204]  S. Hanmer,et al.  The leucogranites of southern Brittany; origin by faulting, frictional heating, fluid flux and fractional melting , 1981 .

[205]  R. Ellam,et al.  A clinopyroxenite intrusion from the Pilanesberg Alkaline Province, South Africa , 2012 .

[206]  J. Rice Progressive metamorphism of impure dolomitic limestone in the Marysville aureole, Montana , 1977 .

[207]  P. Kamp,et al.  Diagenetic Mineralogy and Controls on Albitization and Laumontite Formation in Paleogene Arkoses, Santa Ynez Mountains, California: Part 2. Aspects of Porosity Modification , 1984 .

[208]  C. Chopin Talc-Phengite: a Widespread Assemblage in High-Grade Pelitic Blueschists of the Western Alps , 1981 .

[209]  R. Loucks,et al.  Age and Pb-Sr-Nd isotopic systematics of plutonic rocks from the Green Mountain magmatic arc, southeastern Wyoming Isotopic characterization of a Paleoproterozoic island arc system , 2000 .

[210]  H. S. Yoder,et al.  Anorthite—Forsterite and Anorthite—Enstatite Reactions and their bearing on the Basalt—Eclogite Transformation , 1966 .

[211]  Martin P Smith,et al.  Common lead-corrected laser ablation ICP-MS U-Pb systematics and geochronology of titanite , 2006 .

[212]  C. E. Tilley,et al.  Origin of Basalt Magmas: An Experimental Study of Natural and Synthetic Rock Systems , 1962 .

[213]  W. N. Sharp,et al.  The Pikes Peak batholith, Colorado front range, and a model for the origin of the gabbro—anorthosite—syenite—potassic granite suite , 1975 .

[214]  J. P. Iddings,et al.  A Quantitative Chemico-Mineralogical Classification and Nomenclature of Igneous Rocks , 1902, The Journal of Geology.

[215]  F. Atkins Pyroxenes of the Bushveld Intrusion, South Africa , 1968 .

[216]  N. L. Bowen The crystallization of haplobasaltic, haplodioritic, and related magmas , 1915 .

[217]  C. Hawkesworth,et al.  Tectonic controls on post-subduction granite genesis and emplacement: The late Caledonian suite of Britain and Ireland , 2016 .

[218]  N. L. Bowen,et al.  The system MgO-FeO-SiO 2 , 1935 .

[219]  A. Streckeisen,et al.  The IUGS systematics of igneous rocks , 1991, Journal of the Geological Society.

[220]  M. Godard,et al.  Origin and evolution of magmas on the Ontong Java Plateau , 2004, Geological Society, London, Special Publications.

[221]  K. Cox A Model for Flood Basalt Vulcanism , 1980 .

[222]  I. Clark Stable Isotope Geochemistry , 2011 .

[223]  P. Sobol,et al.  Re-evaluation of the ages of 40 Ar/ 39 Ar sanidine standards and supereruptions in the western U.S. using a Noblesse multi-collector mass spectrometer , 2016 .

[224]  A. J. Naldrett,et al.  Nd-Pb-Sr Isotope Systematics of Crustal Assimilation in the Voisey’s Bay and Mushuau Intrusions, Labrador, Canada , 2000 .

[225]  M. Norman,et al.  Generation of Tonalite and Trondhjemite by Subvolcanic Fractionation and Partial Melting in the Zarza Intrusive Complex, Western Peninsular Ranges Batholith, Northwestern Mexico , 1999 .

[226]  D. Pattison Stability of Andalusite and Sillimanite and the Al2SiO5 Triple Point: Constraints from the Ballachulish Aureole, Scotland , 1992, The Journal of Geology.

[227]  Yasuo Nakamura,et al.  Pumpellyite-Actinolite Facies Schists of the Taveyanne Formation near Loèche, Valais, Switzerland , 1976 .

[228]  F. Spear,et al.  The implications of overstepping for metamorphic assemblage diagrams (MADs) , 2017 .

[229]  M. A. Peacock Classification of Igneous Rock Series , 1931, The Journal of Geology.

[230]  Youxue Zhang Diffusion in Minerals and Melts: Theoretical Background , 2010 .

[231]  K. Kullerud,et al.  Constraining peak P–T conditions in UHP eclogites: calculated phase equilibria in kyanite‐ and phengite‐bearing eclogite of the Tromsø Nappe, Norway , 2012 .

[232]  J. D. Miller,et al.  Precise U‐Pb ages of Duluth Complex and related mafic intrusions, northeastern Minnesota: Geochronological insights to physical, petrogenetic, paleomagnetic, and tectonomagmatic processes associated with the 1.1 Ga Midcontinent Rift System , 1993 .

[233]  A. B. Ford,et al.  Pyroxenes of the Dufek Intrusion, Antarctica , 1976 .

[234]  S. Nockolds,et al.  The geochemistry of some igneous rock series—III , 1953 .

[235]  D. Peate,et al.  Tectonic Implications of the Composition of Volcanic Arc Magmas , 1995 .

[236]  L. Mayer,et al.  Proceedings of the IODP 302 , 2006 .

[237]  W. T. Jolly Metamorphic History of the Archean Abitibi Belt , 1977 .

[238]  B. Frost,et al.  The Granulite Uncertainty Principle: Limitations on Thermobarometry in Granulites , 1989, The Journal of Geology.

[239]  T. Irvine,et al.  A Guide to the Chemical Classification of the Common Volcanic Rocks , 1971 .

[240]  I. Carmichael The Petrology of Thingmuli, a Tertiary Volcano in Eastern Iceland , 1964 .

[241]  R. Maquil,et al.  Polybaric Fractional Crystallization of High-alumina Basalt Parental Magmas in the Egersund–Ogna Massif-type Anorthosite (Rogaland, SW Norway) Constrained by Plagioclase and High-alumina Orthopyroxene Megacrysts , 2010 .

[242]  A. J. Naldrett,et al.  Cryptic variation and the petrology of the Sudbury nickel irruptive , 1970 .

[243]  J. Valley,et al.  The source, magmatic contamination, and alteration of the Idaho batholith , 2001 .

[244]  B. Frost Contact Metamorphism of Serpentinite, Chloritic Blackwall and Rodingite at Paddy-Go-Easy Pass, Central Cascades, Washington , 1975 .

[245]  G. Hanson,et al.  Metamorphic History of the Archean Pikwitonei Granulite Domain and the Cross Lake Subprovince, Superior Province, Manitoba, Canada , 1990 .

[246]  S. Bowring,et al.  U-Pb geochronology of the Deccan Traps and relation to the end-Cretaceous mass extinction , 2015, Science.

[247]  R. Stern,et al.  Giant granulite terranes of northeastern Superior Province: the Ashuanipi complex and Minto block , 1992 .

[248]  Donald H. Lindsley,et al.  Equilibria among Fe-Ti oxides, pyroxenes, olivine, and quartz; Part I, Theory , 1992 .

[249]  S. Morse Alkali Feldspars with Water at 5 kb Pressure , 1970 .

[250]  H. M. Rajesh,et al.  Petrographic, geochemical and SHRIMP U–Pb titanite age characterization of the Thabazimbi mafic sills: Extended time frame and a unifying petrogenetic model for the Bushveld Large Igneous Province , 2013 .

[251]  R. Thompson,et al.  Rapid eruption of Skye lavas inferred from precise U–Pb and Ar–Ar dating of the Rum and Cuillin plutonic complexes , 1998, Nature.

[252]  P. Černý,et al.  Granitic Pegmatites as Reflections of Their Sources , 2012 .

[253]  P. Renne,et al.  Distinct brief major events in the Karoo large igneous province clarified by new 40Ar/39Ar ages on the Lesotho basalts , 2007 .

[254]  M. Marks,et al.  On the Controls of Oxygen Fugacity in the Generation and Crystallization of Peralkaline Melts , 2010 .

[255]  S. Conticelli,et al.  MINERALOGY AND PETROLOGY OF ASSOCIATED Mg-RICH ULTRAPOTASSIC, SHOSHONITIC, AND CALC-ALKALINE ROCKS: THE MIDDLE LATIN VALLEY MONOGENETIC VOLCANOS, ROMAN MAGMATIC PROVINCE, SOUTHERN ITALY , 2007 .

[256]  J. Scoates,et al.  PRECISE AGE OF THE PLATINIFEROUS MERENSKY REEF, BUSHVELD COMPLEX, SOUTH AFRICA, BY THE U-Pb ZIRCON CHEMICAL ABRASION ID-TIMS TECHNIQUE , 2008 .

[257]  D. Weis,et al.  The Stillwater Complex: Integrating Zircon Geochronological and Geochemical Constraints on the Age, Emplacement History and Crystallization of a Large, Open-System Layered Intrusion , 2018 .

[258]  D. Dingwell,et al.  An expanded non-Arrhenian model for silicate melt viscosity: A treatment for metaluminous, peraluminous and peralkaline liquids , 2006 .

[259]  Youxue Zhang,et al.  Diffusion Data in Silicate Melts , 2010 .

[260]  C. E. Tilley,et al.  The picrite-basalts of Kilauea, [Part] 1 of Contributions to the petrology of Hawaiian basalts , 1957 .

[261]  G. Markl A new type of silicate liquid immiscibility in peralkaline nepheline syenites (lujavrites) of the Ilimaussaq complex, South Greenland , 2001 .