Wind turbine acoustics

This chapter presents some of the most important issues related to wind turbine acoustics. After a short background, an introduction to acoustics follows where we defi ne the most important parameters that are met in the chapter. Next, the noise generation mechanisms are discussed from a physical point of view. Some aspects related to noise propagation and their perception are presented. A major part of the chapter consists of a review of the prediction models with different level of complexity together with experimental methods that are often used for wind turbine aeroacoustics. Finally, a short list of noise reduction strategies is also given.

[1]  Marios C. Soteriou,et al.  Development of Computational Aeroacoustics Equations for Subsonic Flows Using a Mach Number Expansion Approach , 2000 .

[2]  J. Anderson,et al.  Modern Compressible Flow: With Historical Perspective , 1982 .

[3]  Stewart A. L. Glegg,et al.  The prediction of broadband noise from wind turbines , 1987 .

[4]  Thomas F. Brooks,et al.  Airfoil self-noise and prediction , 1989 .

[5]  Laszlo Fuchs,et al.  Ice accretion on wind-turbines , 2009 .

[6]  Hideo Nishiwaki,et al.  TOWER WAKE/BLADE INTERACTION NOISE OF A WIND TURBINE , 1984 .

[7]  K. Persson Waye,et al.  Wind turbine noise, annoyance and self-reported health and well-being in different living environments , 2007, Occupational and Environmental Medicine.

[8]  J. Dennis,et al.  Trailing-edge noise reduction using derivative-free optimization and large-eddy simulation , 2007, Journal of Fluid Mechanics.

[9]  F. Farassat,et al.  Modeling aerodynamically generated sound of helicopter rotors , 2003 .

[10]  Dragos Moroianu,et al.  Prediction of Wind Turbine Noise Generation and Propagation based on an Acoustic Analogy , 2007 .

[11]  M. Björkman,et al.  Long time measurements of noise from wind turbines , 2004 .

[12]  Evy Öhrström,et al.  PSYCHO-ACOUSTIC CHARACTERS OF RELEVANCE FOR ANNOYANCE OF WIND TURBINE NOISE , 2002 .

[13]  A. E. Filios,et al.  Broadband noise radiation analysis for an HAWT rotor , 2007 .

[14]  E. Pedersen,et al.  The impact of visual factors on noise annoyance among people living in the vicinity of wind turbines , 2008 .

[15]  Maureen Hand,et al.  Unsteady Aerodynamics Experiment Phase VI: Wind Tunnel Test Con gurations and Available Data Campaigns , 2001 .

[16]  Gianfranco Guidati,et al.  Wind Turbine Noise , 1996 .

[17]  P. Moin,et al.  Sound generation in a mixing layer , 1997, Journal of Fluid Mechanics.

[18]  Paul G. Migliore,et al.  Semi-Empirical Aeroacoustic Noise Prediction Code for Wind Turbines , 2004 .

[19]  Spyros G. Voutsinas,et al.  Application of a ray theory model to the prediction of noise emissions from isolated wind turbines and wind parks , 2007 .

[20]  Dragos Moroianu,et al.  Numerical Simulation of Wind Turbine Noise Generation and Propagation , 2006 .

[21]  Laszlo Fuchs,et al.  Computational study of noise generation and propagation from a wind turbine , 2008 .

[22]  J. Freund Noise sources in a low-Reynolds-number turbulent jet at Mach 0.9 , 2001, Journal of Fluid Mechanics.

[23]  R. Amiet Acoustic radiation from an airfoil in a turbulent stream , 1975 .