The Subversive Effects of an Oral Culture on Student Writing.

ing students' ability to write well. Before I detail the results of my charting, let me anticipate two objections that might be made to the conclusion I've drawn from my data. It might be argued, first, that the kinds of errors I've documented are traceable to causes other than the influence of an oral culture-to, for example, insufficient instruction or application. While I grant that these and like factors may of themselves theoretically produce the kinds of errors I've recorded, I believe that the overall pattern of the errors is such as to make an oral-influence