Towards a top-down design methodology for 4D printing

An innovative trend promoted by the unique capabilities of additive manufacturing techniques is about the 4D Printing concept. It is the process by which parts embodying smart materials are printed, they are therefore able to react to changes in their environment. As a new way of thinking and manufacturing method, few is known about how to systematically bring such smart products ideas into reality. This paper discusses a general framework for designing 4D printed products. It delineates the research effort to be made so that designers are sufficiently empowered to design this new type of products. A methodology facilitating the consideration of smart materials is considered.

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