Initial evaluation and management of transient ischemic attack and minor stroke

TIA was originally defined as a sudden onset of a focal neurologic symptom and/or sign lasting less than 24 hours and caused by reversible cerebral ischemia. However, this classic definition of TIA was inadequate for several reasons. Most notably, there is risk of permanent tissue injury (ie, infarction) even when focal transient neurologic symptoms last less than one hour. Furthermore, about one-half of patients with classically defined TIA syndromes (<24 hours in duration) have corresponding appropriate ischemic lesions by brain MRI on diffusion-weighted or perfusion-weighted imaging. (See "Definition of transient ischemic attack", section on 'Relationship of symptom duration and infarction'.)

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