Growth of GdCa4O(BO3)3 by the Czochralski Method and Some Structure Properties

Self-frequency doubling calcium oxoborate compounds GdCa4O(BO3)3 were prepared as a single crystal by the Czochralski method. To reveal the nature and the distribution of defects, crystals were investigated by chemical etching, X-ray methods, high-resolution electron microscopy (HREM), and Raman spectroscopy. XPS measurements were performed to reveal the impurity of the single crystal. GCOB crystal showed high ordering in the lattice up to room temperature.