A solder joint inspection system for automated printed circuit board manufacturing

The design of a solder joint inspection system which will be used as an integral part of the PCB/AID (automated inspection and diagnosis for PC board manufacturing) system is presented. The inspection system utilizes four frames of solder joint images, extracts 15 features from the images to categorize the most important seven classes of solder joint defects, and provides two forms of inspection results according to their applications (touch-up of defects and fault diagnosis for online process control). The system has been tested for several PC boards provided by electronics firms, and experimental results have shown that it has exceptional promise.<<ETX>>

[1]  James M. Keller,et al.  Incorporating Fuzzy Membership Functions into the Perceptron Algorithm , 1985, IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence.

[2]  N. Otsu A threshold selection method from gray level histograms , 1979 .

[3]  Ramesh C. Jain,et al.  Automatic visual solder joint inspection , 1985, IEEE J. Robotics Autom..

[4]  Sankar K. Pal,et al.  Fuzzy Mathematical Approach to Pattern Recognition , 1986 .

[5]  Roland T. Chin,et al.  Automated visual inspection: 1981 to 1987 , 1988, Computer Vision Graphics and Image Processing.

[6]  David W. Capson,et al.  A Tiered-Color Illumination Approach for Machine Inspection of Solder Joints , 1988, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[7]  James M. Keller,et al.  A fuzzy K-nearest neighbor algorithm , 1985, IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics.

[8]  M P Seah,et al.  Certainty of measurement using an automated infra-red laser inspection instrument for PCB solder joint integrity , 1985 .

[9]  Rajarshi Ray Automated inspection of solder bumps using visual signatures of specular image-highlights , 1989, Proceedings CVPR '89: IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition.

[10]  S. Nayar,et al.  Photometric Sampling: A Method for Determining Shape and Reflectance of Surfaces , 1989 .

[11]  Y. Hara,et al.  Automatic visual inspection using digital image processing , 1985 .

[12]  R. Jain,et al.  Automatic visual inspection of solder joints , 1985, Proceedings. 1985 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation.

[13]  Rajarshi Ray Automated visual inspection of solder bumps , 1988, AT&T Technical Journal.

[14]  Bruce G. Batchelor,et al.  Automated Visual Inspection , 1985 .

[15]  Ramesh C. Jain,et al.  Automatic Solder Joint Inspection , 1988, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[16]  Lee E. Weiss,et al.  Structured Highlight Inspection of Specular Surfaces , 1988, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..