Intracellular identification of central noradrenergic and serotonergic neurons by a new double labeling procedure

The purpose of this study was to ascertain the identity of presumed noradrenergic or serotonergic neurons recorded by single cell techniques in the mammalian brain. A double labeling method was developed in which intracellular injections of a red fluorescing dye (ethidium bromide) could be co-localized with the formaldehyde-induced green fluorescence of norepinephrine or yellow fluorescence of serotonin. By this method, neurons of the rat locus coeruleus that display a characteristic activation-inhibition response to noxious stimuli were confirmed to be noradrenergic; the slow, rhythmically firing neurons of the dorsal raphe nucleus were confirmed to be serotonergic.

[1]  K. Fuxe,et al.  EVIDENCE FOR THE EXISTENCE OF MONOAMINE-CONTAINING NEURONS IN THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM. I. DEMONSTRATION OF MONOAMINES IN THE CELL BODIES OF BRAIN STEM NEURONS. , 1964, Acta physiologica Scandinavica. Supplementum.

[2]  M. Wayner,et al.  A simple, direct and rapid method for filling microelectrodes , 1968 .

[3]  G. Aghajanian,et al.  Histochemical Fluorescence of Raphe Neurons: Selective Enhancement by Tryptophan , 1971, Science.

[4]  B. Bunney,et al.  Noradrenergic neurons: morphine inhibition of spontaneous activity. , 1974, European journal of pharmacology.

[5]  B. Jacobs,et al.  Midbrain raphe neurons: spontaneous activity and response to light. , 1974, Physiology & behavior.

[6]  G. Bramwell Factors affecting the activity of 5-HT-containing neurones. , 1974, Brain research.

[7]  B. Bunney,et al.  Inhibition of both noradrenergic and serotonergic neurons in brain by the α-adrenergic agonist clonidine , 1975, Brain Research.

[8]  Shoji Nakamura,et al.  Antidromic activation of the rat locus coeruleus neurons from hippocampus, cerebral and cerebellar cortices , 1975, Brain Research.

[9]  E. Fetz,et al.  Responses of primate locus coeruleus and subcoeruleus neurons to stimulation at reinforcing brain sites and to natural reinforcers , 1976, Brain Research.

[10]  G. Mogenson,et al.  Electrophysiological identification of neurons in locus coeruleus , 1976, Experimental Neurology.

[11]  中村 彰治 Some electrophysiological properties of neurons of rat locus coeruleus , 1977 .

[12]  M. Kuhar,et al.  Iontophoretic application of opiates to the locus coeruleus , 1977, Brain Research.

[13]  G. Aghajanian,et al.  Catecholamine receptors on locus coeruleus neurons: pharmacological characterization. , 1977, European journal of pharmacology.

[14]  G. Aghajanian,et al.  Evidence for norepinephrine-mediated collateral inhibition of locus coeruleus neurons , 1977, Brain Research.

[15]  G. Aghajanian,et al.  Serotonergic and non-serotonergic neurons of the dorsal raphe: reciprocal changes in firing induced by peripheral nerve stimulation , 1978, Brain Research.

[16]  G. Aghajanian,et al.  Activation of locus coeruleus neurons by peripheral stimuli: modulation by a collateral inhibitory mechanism. , 1978, Life sciences.

[17]  A. Grace,et al.  Nigral dopamine neurons: intracellular recording and identification with L-dopa injection and histofluorescence. , 1980, Science.

[18]  M. Molliver,et al.  The locus coeruleus in the rat: An immunohistochemical delineation , 1980, Neuroscience.

[19]  H. Steinbusch,et al.  Distribution of serotonin-immunoreactivity in the central nervous system of the rat—Cell bodies and terminals , 1981, Neuroscience.

[20]  A. Torp,et al.  Fluorescence of catechol amines and related compounds condensed with formaldehyde , 1962, Brain Research Bulletin.

[21]  L. Swanson,et al.  The Journal of Histochemistry and Cytochemistry Some Fluorescent Counterstains for Neuroanatomical Studies' , 2022 .

[22]  G. Aghajanian,et al.  alpha 2-adrenoceptor-mediated hyperpolarization of locus coeruleus neurons: intracellular studies in vivo. , 1982, Science.