Use of High Volumes of Fly Ash to Improve ECC Mechanical Properties and Material Greenness

Environmental sustainability considerations are taken into account in this report on high-performance fiber-reinforced cementitious composite (HPFRCC) development. Featuring high tensile ductility with high volumes of fly ash (HVFA) replacement of cement (up to 85% by weight), unique HPFRCC members are engineered cementitious composites (ECC). While the material design process sees application of micromechanics in many of its aspects, this study emphasizes how fly ash content alters material microstructure and mechanical properties. While they incorporate high recycled fly ash volumes, HVFA ECCs are shown in experimental results to be able to retain an approximately 2 to 3% long-term tensile ductility. Significantly, there is reduction in both free drying shrinkage and crack width with a fly ash amount increase, though which HVFA ECC structures' long term durability may benefit. That HVFA ECCs' fiber/matrix interface frictional bond increase is responsible for tight crack width is indicated through micromechanics analysis. Use of industrial waste stream material instead of cement reduces environmental impact and achieves more saturated multiple cracking, meaning a robustness improvement is shown in HVFA ECCs.

[1]  Hendrik G. van Oss,et al.  Cement Manufacture and the Environment: Part I: Chemistry and Technology , 2002 .

[2]  V. M. Malhotra,et al.  Performance of high-volume fly ash concrete in large experimental monoliths , 1994 .

[3]  Victor C. Li,et al.  Hygral Behavior of Engineered Cementitious Composites (ECC) , 2003 .

[4]  V. M. Malhotra,et al.  Mechanical Properties, Creep, and Resistance to Diffusion of Chloride Ions of Concretes Incorporating High Volumes of ASTM Class F Fly Ashes from Seven Different Sources , 1991 .

[5]  V. Li,et al.  On Interface Property Characterization and Performance of Fiber Reinforced Cementitious Composites , 1999 .

[6]  V. Malhotra,et al.  Durability of Concrete Incorporating High Volumes of Fly Ash From Sources in the U.S.A. , 1994 .

[7]  Michael D. Lepech,et al.  Water permeability of cracked cementitious composites , 2005 .

[8]  Mohamed Maalej,et al.  Effect of Fiber Volume Fraction on the Off‐Crack‐Plane Fracture Energy in Strain ‐Hardening Engineered Cementitious Composites , 1995 .

[9]  Victor C. Li,et al.  Polyvinyl Alcohol Fiber Reinforced Engineered Cementitious Composites: Material Design and Performances , 2006 .

[10]  C O N S T R U C T I O N A N D T E C H N O L O Bridge Decks Going Jointless Cementitious Composites Improve Durability of Link Slabs , 2005 .

[11]  O. Kayali Effect of high volume fly ash on mechanical properties of fiber reinforced concrete , 2004 .

[12]  Tadashi Saito,et al.  Interface tailoring for strain-hardening polyvinyl alcohol-engineered cementitious composite (PVA-ECC) , 2002 .

[13]  Minoru Kunieda,et al.  Recent Progress on HPFRCC in Japan , 2006 .

[14]  Jamshid Mohammadi,et al.  Practice Periodical on Structural Design and Construction , 1996 .

[15]  Michael D. Lepech,et al.  Life Cycle Modeling of Concrete Bridge Design: Comparison of Engineered Cementitious Composite Link Slabs and Conventional Steel Expansion Joints , 2005 .

[16]  Canmet,et al.  Microstructure, crack propagation, and mechanical properties of cement pastes containing high volumes of fly ashes , 1995 .

[17]  C. Atiş High-Volume Fly Ash Concrete with High Strength and Low Drying Shrinkage , 2003 .

[18]  Shuxin Wang Micromechanics based matrix design for engineered cementitious composites. , 2005 .

[19]  K. Mehta Reducing the Environmental Impact of Concrete , 2001 .

[20]  Michael D. Lepech,et al.  Development of Green ECC for Sustainable Infrastructure Systems , 2004 .

[21]  V. Li,et al.  Self -healing of ECC under cyclic wetting and drying , 2005 .

[22]  J. Aveston,et al.  Single and Multiple Fracture , 1971 .

[23]  V. Li,et al.  Snubbing and bundling effects on multiple crack spacing of discontinuous random fiber-reinforced brittle matrix composites , 1992 .

[24]  A. I. Al-Mana,et al.  EFFECT OF FLY-ASH ADDITION ON THE CORROSION RESISTING CHARACTRISTICS OF CONCRETE , 1987 .

[25]  Victor C. Li,et al.  Postcrack Scaling Relations for Fiber Reinforced Cementitious Composites , 1992 .

[26]  V. Li,et al.  Crack bridging in fiber reinforced cementitious composites with slip-hardening interfaces , 1997 .

[27]  Victor C. Li,et al.  Development of a self-consolidating engineered cementitious composite employing electrosteric dispersion/stabilization , 2003 .

[28]  Victor C. Li,et al.  Engineered Cementitious Composites (ECC) - Tailored Composites Through Micromechanical Modeling , 1998 .

[29]  Victor C. Li,et al.  Multiple Cracking Sequence and Saturation in Fiber Reinforced Cementitious Composites , 1998 .

[30]  Brian N. Cox,et al.  A J-integral method for calculating steady-state matrix cracking stresses in composites , 1988 .

[31]  Tadashi Saito,et al.  Measuring and modifying interface properties of PVA fibers in ECC matrix , 2001 .

[32]  Michael D. Lepech,et al.  Field Demonstration of Durable Link Slabs for Jointless Bridge Decks Based on Strain-Hardening Cementitious Composites , 2003 .

[33]  Kevin L. Rens,et al.  High-Volume Fly Ash Concrete: Analysis and Application , 2006 .

[34]  V. Li,et al.  TENSILE STRAIN-HARDENING BEHAVIOR OF POLYVINYL ALCOHOL ENGINEERED CEMENTITIOUS COMPOSITE (PVA-ECC) , 2001 .

[35]  Michael D. Lepech,et al.  Durability and Long Term Performance of Engineered Cementitious Composites , 2006 .

[36]  Edward James,et al.  Sustainable high-performance concrete structures , 2004 .

[37]  V. Li,et al.  Constitutive rheological control to develop a self-consolidating engineered cementitious composite reinforced with hydrophilic poly(vinyl alcohol) fibers , 2003 .