The Effect of Packets Relaying on the Implementation Issues of the Visual Sensor Node

Wireless Visual Sensor Networks (WVSNs) are used for the monitoring of large and inaccessible areas. WVSNs are feasible today due to the advancement in many fields of electronics such as CMOS cameras, low power computing platforms, distributed computing and radio transceivers. The energy budget in a WVSN is limited because of the wireless nature of the applications and the small physical size of the Visual Sensor Node (VSN). The WVSN covers a large area where every node cannot transmit its results directly to the server. Receiving and forwarding other node’s packets consumes a large portion of the energy budget of the VSNs. This paper explores the effect of packets relaying in a multihop WVSN on the implementation issues of the VSN. It also explores the effect of node density in the multihop WVSN on the energy consumption, which in turn, has an impact on the lifetime of the VSN. Results show that the network topology does not affect the software implementation of the VSN because of the relatively high execution time of the image processing tasks on the microcontroller. For hardware implementation, network topology and node density does affect the architecture of the VSN due to the fact that communication energy consumption is dominant (because of the low execution time on FPGAs). DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.eee.19.10.5912

[1]  Deborah Estrin,et al.  Geographical and Energy Aware Routing: a recursive data dissemination protocol for wireless sensor networks , 2002 .

[2]  Khursheed Khursheed.  Investigation of intelligence partitioning in wireless visual sensor networks , 2011 .

[3]  Najeem Lawal,et al.  Exploration of local and central processing for a wireless camera based sensor node , 2010, ICSES 2010 International Conference on Signals and Electronic Circuits.

[4]  Ian F. Akyildiz,et al.  Wireless sensor networks: a survey , 2002, Comput. Networks.

[5]  Feng Shu,et al.  Packet Loss Analysis of the , 2007 .

[6]  Mahbub Hassan,et al.  Analysis of per-node traffic load in multi-hop wireless sensor networks , 2009, IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications.

[7]  Najeem Lawal,et al.  Exploration of target architecture for a wireless camera based sensor node , 2010, NORCHIP 2010.

[8]  Feng Shu,et al.  Packet loss analysis of the IEEE 802.15.4 MAC without acknowledgements , 2007, IEEE Communications Letters.

[9]  Brad Karp,et al.  Greedy Perimeter Stateless Routing for Wireless Networks , 2000 .

[10]  Najeem Lawal,et al.  Exploration of Tasks Partitioning between Hardware Software and Locality for a Wireless Camera Based Vision Sensor Node , 2011, 2011 Sixth International Symposium on Parallel Computing in Electrical Engineering.

[11]  Chen Wu,et al.  Real-Time Human Posture Reconstruction in Wireless Smart Camera Networks , 2008, 2008 International Conference on Information Processing in Sensor Networks (ipsn 2008).

[12]  Mattias O'Nils,et al.  Detecting and coding region of interests in bi-level images for data reduction in Wireless Visual Sensor Network , 2012, 2012 IEEE 8th International Conference on Wireless and Mobile Computing, Networking and Communications (WiMob).

[13]  Wendi Heinzelman,et al.  Proceedings of the 33rd Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences- 2000 Energy-Efficient Communication Protocol for Wireless Microsensor Networks , 2022 .

[14]  Brad Karp,et al.  GPSR: greedy perimeter stateless routing for wireless networks , 2000, MobiCom '00.

[15]  Peng Cheng,et al.  Analysis of the IEEE 802.15.4 Standard for a Wireless Closed Loop Control System for Heavy Duty Cranes , 2007, 2007 International Symposium on Industrial Embedded Systems.

[16]  Luigi Ferrigno,et al.  Balancing computational and transmission power consumption in wireless image sensor networks , 2005, IEEE Symposium on Virtual Environments, Human-Computer Interfaces and Measurement Systems, 2005..