EFFECTS OF NOREPINEPHRINE ON THE MORPHOLOGY AND SOME ENZYME ACTIVITIES OF PRIMARY MONOLAYER CULTURES FROM RAT BRAIN

Addition of norepinephrine or isoproterenol to primary cultures started from the brains of 1‐3 day old rats caused up to 200‐fold increases in cAMP levels, which reached a maximum by 5‐10 min and then declined. This effect was studied in detail for norepinephrine. The rise in cAMP levels was followed by morphological changes, in which up to 65% of the cells exhibited an astrocyte‐like morphology, and 2‐3 fold increases in carbonic anhydrase and (Na+‐K+) ATPase activities. However, morphological transformation also occurred after much smaller increases in total cAMP levels. These effects on cell morphology and enzyme activities reached a maximum 1‐2 h after addition of norepinephrine and then declined. Carbonic anhydrase activity was found both in the particulate and post 100,000 g supernatant fractions from homogenates of these cultured cells, and in the latter case the activity was activated 3‐fold by addition of cAMP. The significance of these obscrvations on the cellular localization of, and functional role for similar increases in cAMP in brain tissue is discussed.

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