Probabilistic load flow calculation using Monte Carlo techniques for distribution network with wind turbines

Installation of wind turbines may be associated with costly grid reinforcements to maintain an acceptable voltage quality. Probabilistic load flow calculation can be performed by using Monte Carlo techniques for representing the uncertainty for loads and wind speed, so that e.g. the total number of hours with overvoltage per year can be estimated for a distribution network with several wind turbines. This new method makes it possible to analyse disconnecting of wind turbines in a distribution network as an alternative to reinforcement. Based on an example it is concluded that grid connection costs can be reduced if unacceptable overvoltage is avoided by stopping wind turbines instead of by reinforcing the grid.