Diagnostic Tools for Effect-Directed Analysis of Mutagens, AhR Agonists, and Endocrine Disruptors

Environmental toxicants, such as mutagens and endocrine disruptors, can cause impact on human and environmental health and are distributed in different environmental matrices as complex mixtures. From the thousands of known toxic compounds, only a few are already regulated and monitored. There is evidence that several unidentified compounds are present in the environment due to the fact that when bioassays are performed the responses usually do not correlate with the analyzed target compounds. In order to minimize exposure of humans and biota to these compounds, it is necessary that they are accurately and clearly identified. This has always been a challenge to environmental chemists. For this purpose, analytical integrated strategies such as effect-directed analysis are useful. By combining differential extractions, chemical analysis, and bioassays it has been possible to identify important new chemical classes of environmental toxicants. This chapter describes bioassays that can be used in effect-directed identification studies, their advantages, and limitations.

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