General Perspective on the Formalization of Uncertain Knowledge

Non-heuristic, numerical approaches to the formalization of uncertain knowledge are in general based on Probability Theory (Bayes or Upper/Lower), Fuzzy Set Theory or Dempster/Shafer Theory (according to Shafer or Smets). Assuming that each of these theories is an appropriate formalization of uncertain knowledge leads to the question: Which different aspects of uncertainty represent these theories ? Far answering this question a formalization of uncertain knowledge is necessary which allows the analysis of different uncertainty theories within one framework.