Thermomechanical behavior of shape memory alloys under non-proportional load

A simple method is proposed for simulating the behavior of shape memory alloys at grain level. Different from many previous models in the literature, this model is applicable for not only proportional load at a constant temperature but also complicate non-proportional load together with temperature variation. The capability of this model is demonstrated by simulating the strain response of a set of combined tensile-shear stress loading.