Binomial frequency response to non-binomial pulse sequences for efficient water suppression

SummaryThis article reports on the use of short-hard pulse and spin-lock pulse combinations giving a binomial-like frequency response for the measurement of NMR spectra in aqueous solutions of quite dilute samples. The pulse sequence proposed provides excellent water suppression and does not introduce any linear or higher order phase errors. Application to the measurement of 2D NOESY data of a 0.25 mM solution of a double-stranded DNA fragment is presented.

[1]  S. Tate,et al.  Spin-lock pulses for purging and shaping the water resonance in 1H-detected 15N single-quantum-coherence spectroscopy , 1991 .

[2]  T. Holak,et al.  Protein hydration by homonuclear 1H three-dimensional NOE-NOE nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy , 1992 .

[3]  Richard R. Ernst,et al.  Product operator formalism for the description of NMR pulse experiments , 1984 .

[4]  E. Olejniczak,et al.  Improvement of 2D NOE spectra of biomacromolecules in H2O solution by coherent suppression of the solvent resonance , 1986 .

[5]  M. Décorps,et al.  Improvements in solvent-signal suppression , 1992 .

[6]  A. Redfield,et al.  Dynamic range in Fourier transform proton magnetic resonance , 1975 .

[7]  D. Wemmer,et al.  NMR evidence for DNA bound water in solution , 1992 .

[8]  A. Bax,et al.  Water suppression using a combination of hard and soft pulses , 1987 .

[9]  K Wüthrich,et al.  Protein hydration in aqueous solution. , 1991, Science.

[10]  E. Guittet,et al.  The “lock and return” experiment for water suppression with hartmann-hahn transfer , 1987 .

[11]  D. Hoult Solvent peak saturation with single phase and quadrature fourier transformation , 1976 .

[12]  Gottfried Otting,et al.  Polypeptide hydration in mixed solvents at low temperatures , 1992 .

[13]  G. Otting,et al.  Studies of protein hydration in aqueous solution by direct NMR observation of individual protein-bound water molecules , 1989 .

[14]  G. Wider,et al.  Solvent suppression using a spin lock in 2D and 3D NMR spectroscopy with H2O solutions , 1989 .

[15]  Pierre Plateau,et al.  Exchangeable proton NMR without base-line distorsion, using new strong-pulse sequences , 1982 .

[16]  M. Guéron,et al.  Solvent-peak-suppressed NMR: Correction of baseline distortions and use of strong-pulse excitation , 1983 .

[17]  V. Sklenar,et al.  1-2-1 Pulse train: A new effective method of selective excitation for proton NMR in water , 1982 .