Contribution à la qualité de service dans les réseaux d'accès sans-fil

La these developpe une contribution a la specification, la modelisation et l’evaluation de mecanismes destines a la fourniture de qualite de service dans les reseaux sans fil locaux et metropolitains. La premiere partie du travail concerne une modelisation en chaine de Markov du protocole d’acces EDCA de IEEE 802.11e qui, par rapport aux modeles presents dans la litterature, ajoute des mecanismes du standard qui n’avaient pas ete introduits (prise en compte explicite de la collision virtuelle) et corrige des erreurs de conception (prise en compte des periodes AIFS de la procedure de Backoff). Ce modele a ete rendu synthetique pour en faciliter l’usage (reductions realisees a l’aide des regles de Beizer). Ce modele a ensuite ete utilise pour definir un algorithme de controle d’admission hybride, integrant dans son processus de decision un modele analytique et des mesures de l’etat du reseau. L’algorithme de controle d’admission ainsi developpe a ete en premier lieu valide puis compare a d’autres algorithmes de controle d’admission par simulation sous ns-2. Notons aussi que nous avons propose, une modification du comportement de EDCA face a une collision virtuelle assurant une meilleure equite aux categories d’acces. Cette modification a ete evaluee a l’aide du modele. Une deuxieme partie du travail consiste en la proposition pour WiMAX d’une architecture de gestion de bande passante pouvant fournir des garanties de qualite de service. Cette architecture se compose de trois parties interagissantes : 1- une gestion de la bande passante sous WiMAX assimilee a une classe de serveurs dite classe des serveurs latence-debit, 2- un mecanisme de requete-reponse de bande passante agregee simplifiant la gestion de bande passante et la rendant plus flexible, 3- un protocole de controle d’admission associe a l’architecture et qui en garantit le bon fonctionnement. L’architecture ainsi concue s’inscrit dans une prospective de reseaux heterogenes sans fil (reseaux metropolitain WiMAX connectant entre eux et a Internet des reseaux locaux WiFi). C’est dans cette optique que s’inscrira la suite de notre travail. Elle consistera en la combinaison des mecanismes que nous proposons afin de fournir une solution complete de qualite de service pour des reseaux heterogenes sans fil.--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- This thesis is a contribution to specifying, modelling and evaluating Quality of Service mechanisms destined to Wireless Local and Metropolitan networks. The first part of this work is the modelling, using Markov chains, of the IEEE 802.11e EDCA access scheme. The model we introduce adds, with regards to state of the art models, mechanisms present in the standard which were not accounted for (explicit consideration of the virtual collision phenomena) and corrects misconceptions with regards to the standard (considering the AIFS periods within the Backoff procedure). The model was rendered synthetic in order to make easier it to use (for this purpose we used the Beizer rules of reduction). The model was then used within a hybrid admission control algorithm, using in its decision process both the model and network state measures. The algorithm was validated and compared to other admission control algorithms using ns-2 simulations. In parallel, we proposed a modification of EDCA’s behaviour towards virtual collisions making it fairer. This modification was evaluated using the Markov chain model. A second part of this work was the development, for WiMAX, of bandwidth management framework offering QoS guarantees. This framework is made out of three interacting parts : 1- a bandwidth management for WiMAX that can be modelled as a Latency-Rate server ; 2- an aggregated bandwidth request-response mechanism making the management simpler and more flexible ; 3- an admission control algorithm associated to the architecture guaranteeing its correct functioning. The framework was prospectively developed for heterogeneous wireless networks (WiMAX WMAN interconnecting WiFi WLANs). Our work’s perspectives are on this track : defining a complete QoS solution for heterogeneous wireless networks.

[1]  I. Chlamtac,et al.  Performance analysis for IEEE 802.11e EDCF service differentiation , 2005, IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications.

[2]  Xin Wang,et al.  IEEE 802.11e Enhanced Distributed Channel Access (EDCA) Throughput Analysis , 2006, 2006 IEEE International Conference on Communications.

[3]  Francisco M. Delicado Martínez,et al.  A QoS-aware protocol architecture for WiMAX , 2006, 2006 Canadian Conference on Electrical and Computer Engineering.

[4]  Tiejun Lv,et al.  Cross-layer design for QoS wireless communications , 2004, 2004 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (IEEE Cat. No.04CH37512).

[5]  Lazaros F. Merakos,et al.  Flexible resource allocation in IEEE 802.16 wireless metropolitan area networks , 2005, 2005 14th IEEE Workshop on Local & Metropolitan Area Networks.

[6]  Yaw-Chung Chen,et al.  An Adaptive Bandwidth Request Scheme for QoS Support in WiMAX Polling Services , 2008, 2008 The 28th International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems Workshops.

[7]  Gang Wang,et al.  An improved analytical model of 802.11e EDCA with variable packet length , 2005, VTC-2005-Fall. 2005 IEEE 62nd Vehicular Technology Conference, 2005..

[8]  Tim Moors,et al.  Call admission control for IEEE 802.11 contention access mechanism , 2003, GLOBECOM '03. IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference (IEEE Cat. No.03CH37489).

[9]  Brahim Bensaou,et al.  Performance analysis of IEEE 802.11e contention-based channel access , 2004, IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications.

[10]  A. Girotra,et al.  Performance Analysis of the IEEE 802 . 11 Distributed Coordination Function , 2005 .

[11]  Xin He,et al.  Communication with bandwidth optimization in IEEE 802.16 and IEEE 802.11 hybrid networks , 2005, IEEE International Symposium on Communications and Information Technology, 2005. ISCIT 2005..

[12]  Guy Pujolle,et al.  Cross-Layer Multiservice Scheduling for Mobile WiMAx Systems , 2008, 2008 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference.

[13]  Sunghyun Choi,et al.  Collaborative QoS architecture between DiffServ and 802.11e wireless LAN , 2003, The 57th IEEE Semiannual Vehicular Technology Conference, 2003. VTC 2003-Spring..

[14]  Jörg Widmer,et al.  Increasing the Capacity of IEEE 802.11 Wireless LAN through Cooperative Coded Retransmissions , 2008, VTC Spring 2008 - IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference.

[15]  Robin Kravets,et al.  Achieving Delay Guarantees in Ad Hoc Networks by Adapting IEEE 802 . 11 Contention Windows , 2022 .

[16]  David Malone,et al.  Modeling 802.11e for data traffic parameter design , 2006, 2006 4th International Symposium on Modeling and Optimization in Mobile, Ad Hoc and Wireless Networks.

[17]  Guy Juanole,et al.  Hybrid Admission Control Algorithm for IEEE 802.11e EDCA: Analysis , 2008, Seventh International Conference on Networking (icn 2008).

[18]  N. Yazdani,et al.  A Quality of Service Architecture for IEEE 802.16 Standards , 2005, 2005 Asia-Pacific Conference on Communications.

[19]  Hujun Yin,et al.  OFDMA: A Broadband Wireless Access Technology , 2006, 2006 IEEE Sarnoff Symposium.

[20]  Michael Alexander,et al.  An architecture for SDP-based bandwidth resource allocation with QoS for SIP in IEEE 802.16 networks , 2006, Q2SWinet '06.

[21]  Wanjiun Liao,et al.  A per-class QoS service model in IEEE 802.11e WLANs , 2005, Second International Conference on Quality of Service in Heterogeneous Wired/Wireless Networks (QSHINE'05).

[22]  Francisco M. Delicado Martínez,et al.  Study of the IEEE 802.16 contention-based request mechanism , 2007, PWC.

[23]  Hussein M. Alnuweiri,et al.  A controlled-access scheduling mechanism for QoS provisioning in IEEE 802.11e wireless LANs , 2005, Q2SWinet '05.

[24]  Deyun Gao,et al.  Admission control in IEEE 802.11e wireless LANs , 2005, IEEE Network.

[25]  Nelson Luis Saldanha da Fonseca,et al.  Simulator for WiMAX networks , 2008, Simul. Model. Pract. Theory.

[26]  Boris Beizer The architecture and engineering of digital computer complexes , 1971 .

[27]  Prathima Agrawal,et al.  A scheduling algorithm for IEEE 802.16 and IEEE 802.11 hybrid networks , 2007, 2007 Fourth International Conference on Broadband Communications, Networks and Systems (BROADNETS '07).

[28]  D.P. Agrawal,et al.  Dynamic admission control and QoS for 802.16 wireless MAN , 2005, Symposium, 2005 Wireless Telecommunications.

[29]  Nelson Luis Saldanha da Fonseca,et al.  Uplink Scheduling with Quality of Service in IEEE 802.16 Networks , 2007, IEEE GLOBECOM 2007 - IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference.

[30]  Y. Harada,et al.  A QoS scheduler for IEEE 802.11e WLANs , 2004, First IEEE Consumer Communications and Networking Conference, 2004. CCNC 2004..

[31]  D.J. Leith,et al.  Experimental Evaluation of 802.11e EDCA for Enhanced Voice over WLAN Performance , 2006, 2006 4th International Symposium on Modeling and Optimization in Mobile, Ad Hoc and Wireless Networks.

[32]  Sujit Dey,et al.  Quality of service provisioning in 802.11e networks: challenges, approaches, and future directions , 2005, IEEE Network.

[33]  Slim Abdellatif,et al.  Managing the virtual collision in IEEE 802.11e EDCA , 2009 .

[34]  Anujan Varma,et al.  Latency-rate servers: a general model for analysis of traffic scheduling algorithms , 1996, Proceedings of IEEE INFOCOM '96. Conference on Computer Communications.

[35]  Paal E. Engelstad,et al.  A Model-Based Admission Control for 802.11e EDCA using Delay Predictions , 2007, 2007 IEEE International Performance, Computing, and Communications Conference.

[36]  Olav N. Østerbø,et al.  Delay and Throughput Analysis of IEEE 802.11e EDCA with Starvation Prediction , 2005, The IEEE Conference on Local Computer Networks 30th Anniversary (LCN'05)l.

[37]  Philippe Owezarski,et al.  LaasNetExp: a generic polymorphic platform for network emulation and experiments , 2008, TRIDENTCOM.

[38]  Paal E. Engelstad,et al.  A Class Based Dynamic Admitted Time Limit Admission Control Algorithm for 802 . 11 e EDCA , 2006 .

[39]  Kang G. Shin,et al.  Achieving per-stream QoS with distributed airtime allocation and admission control in IEEE 802.11e wireless LANs , 2005, Proceedings IEEE 24th Annual Joint Conference of the IEEE Computer and Communications Societies..

[40]  Sung-Rok Yoon,et al.  Adaptive Physical Rate based Admission Control at EDCA in IEEE 802.11e WLANs , 2007 .

[41]  Carl Eklund,et al.  Quality of service support in IEEE 802.16 networks , 2006, IEEE Network.

[42]  Sunghyun Choi,et al.  IEEE 802.11e - fair resource sharing between overlapping basic service sets , 2002, The 13th IEEE International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications.

[43]  Yi Liu,et al.  Enhanced Per-Flow Admission Control and QoS Provisioning in IEEE 802.11e Wireless LANs , 2008, IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology.

[44]  Guy Juanole,et al.  On Enhancing a Hybrid Admission Control Algorithm for IEEE 802.11e EDCA , 2008, MWCN/PWC.

[45]  Wen-Kuang Kuo Supporting multimedia streaming and best-effort data transmission over IEEE 802.11e EDCA , 2008, Int. J. Netw. Manag..

[46]  Mohamad El Masri IEEE 802.11e: The Problem of the Virtual Collision Management Within EDCA , 2006, Proceedings IEEE INFOCOM 2006. 25TH IEEE International Conference on Computer Communications.

[47]  Hussein M. Alnuweiri,et al.  A unified scheduling approach for guaranteed services over IEEE 802.11e wireless LANs , 2004, First International Conference on Broadband Networks.

[48]  K. Vinay,et al.  An adaptive bandwidth request mechanism for QoS enhancement in WiMax real time communication , 2006, 2006 IFIP International Conference on Wireless and Optical Communications Networks.

[49]  Stelian-Florin Racaru,et al.  Conception et validation d'une architecture de signalisation pour la garantie de qualité de service dans l'Internet multi-domaine, multi-technologie et multi-service , 2008 .

[50]  C. Casetti,et al.  Notes on the inefficiency of 802.11e HCCA , 2005, VTC-2005-Fall. 2005 IEEE 62nd Vehicular Technology Conference, 2005..

[51]  Aravind Velayutham,et al.  An Enhanced Alternative to the IEEE 802 . 11 e MAC Scheme , 2003 .

[52]  Guy Juanole,et al.  Revisiting the Markov Chain Model of IEEE 802.11E EDCA and Introducing the Virtual Collision Phenomenon , 2007, WINSYS.

[53]  Thierry Turletti,et al.  Adaptive EDCF: enhanced service differentiation for IEEE 802.11 wireless ad-hoc networks , 2003, 2003 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking, 2003. WCNC 2003..

[54]  Ayalvadi J. Ganesh,et al.  Performance Analysis of Contention Based Medium Access Control Protocols , 2006, IEEE Transactions on Information Theory.

[55]  Ying Zhang,et al.  WLC22-4: Efficient Request Mechanism Usage in IEEE 802.16 , 2006, IEEE Globecom 2006.

[56]  Jianfeng Chen,et al.  A service flow management strategy for IEEE 802.16 broadband wireless access systems in TDD mode , 2005, IEEE International Conference on Communications, 2005. ICC 2005. 2005.

[57]  Mario Marchese,et al.  Optimal Bandwidth Provision at WiMAX MAC Service Access Point on Uplink Direction , 2007, 2007 IEEE International Conference on Communications.

[58]  David Malone,et al.  Experimental evaluation of TCP performance and fairness in an 802.11e test-bed , 2005, E-WIND '05.

[59]  Sunghyun Choi,et al.  Analysis of IEEE 802.11e for QoS support in wireless LANs , 2003, IEEE Wireless Communications.

[60]  Mario Marchese,et al.  Neural bandwidth allocation function (NBAF) control scheme at WiMAX MAC layer interface , 2007, Int. J. Commun. Syst..

[61]  Imrich Chlamtac,et al.  End-to-end framework for QoS guarantee in heterogeneous wired-cum-wireless networks , 2004, First International Conference on Quality of Service in Heterogeneous Wired/Wireless Networks.

[62]  Sunghyun Choi,et al.  Protection and guarantee for voice and video traffic in IEEE 802.11e wireless LANs , 2004, IEEE INFOCOM 2004.

[63]  Hongqiang Zhai,et al.  How well can the IEEE 802.11 wireless LAN support quality of service? , 2005, IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications.

[64]  V.A. Kobliakov,et al.  Distributed Queue Random Multiple Access Algorithm for Centralized Data Networks , 2006, 2006 IEEE International Symposium on Consumer Electronics.

[65]  G. Pujolle,et al.  A Cross-Layer Based Autonomic Architecture for Mobility and QoS Supports in 4G Networks , 2008, 2008 5th IEEE Consumer Communications and Networking Conference.

[66]  Xiaoyan Cheng,et al.  Using IEEE 802.11e MAC for QoS over wireless , 2003, Conference Proceedings of the 2003 IEEE International Performance, Computing, and Communications Conference, 2003..

[67]  Akira Yamaguchi,et al.  Traffic Control for Cognitive Wireless Networks Composed of IEEE802.11 and IEEE802.16 , 2007, 2007 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference.

[68]  Jalel Ben-Othman,et al.  A Real Time Adaptive Scheduling Scheme for Multi-Service Flows in WiMAX Networks , 2008, IEEE GLOBECOM 2008 - 2008 IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference.

[69]  Q. Ni,et al.  An Efficient Scheduling Scheme for IEEE 802 . 11 e , 2004 .

[70]  Sujit Dey,et al.  Dynamic adaptation policies to improve quality of service of real-time multimedia applications in IEEE 802.11e WLAN Networks , 2007, Wirel. Networks.

[71]  Andrey M. Turlikov,et al.  WIRELESS BROADBAND ACCESS: WIMAX AND BEYOND - Investigation of Bandwidth Request Mechanisms under Point-to-Multipoint Mode of WiMAX Networks , 2007, IEEE Communications Magazine.

[72]  Thierry Turletti,et al.  Adaptive fair channel allocation for QoS enhancement in IEEE 802.11 wireless LANs , 2004, 2004 IEEE International Conference on Communications (IEEE Cat. No.04CH37577).

[73]  Christian Hoene,et al.  An IEEE 802.11e EDCA and CFB Simulation Model for ns-2 , 2011 .

[74]  Guy Juanole,et al.  Proposal of a Novel Bandwidth Management Framework for IEEE 802.16 Based on Aggregation , 2008, 2008 New Technologies, Mobility and Security.

[75]  Guy Juanole,et al.  An Uplink Bandwidth Management Framework for IEEE 802.16 with QoS Guarantees , 2009, Networking.

[76]  M. @. Masri,et al.  A Synthetic model of IEEE 802 . 11 e EDCA , 2009 .