Host plant relationships of Phyllotreta nemorum L. (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). I. Field studies

A number of glucosinolate-containing and non-glucosinolate-containing plant species were sown in small plots. Some plots were naturally infested with P. nemorum, while others were infested artificially by 1st instar larvae from a laboratory culture. The natural population infested only a few glucosinolate-containing plant species, above all radish and turnip. On the artificially infested plots black and white mustard, Capsella bursa-pastoris, and Erysimum hieraciifolium were as acceptable as radish and turnip. Cheiranthus cheiri, Crambe hispanica, Lunaria biennis, Cleome aurea, C. violacea, and Reseda luteola were somewhat less acceptable. Only a few larvae were able to enter the wax-coated Brassica varieties, rape, swede, cabbage, and cauliflower, but those that did so were also able to complete their development. It is suggested that the wax-layer is a barrier to attack by 1st instar larvae of P. nemorum. No larvae survived on Iberis amara, I. umbellata, Bunias erucago, Matthiola parviflora, Hesperis matronalis, Reseda alba, Reseda odorata, Tropaeolum majus, T. peregrinum, or any of the non-glucosinolate species. Both larval and adult behaviour and larval survival seem to influence the host plant selection of P. nemorum. Zusammenfassung uber die Beziehungen von Phyllotreta nemorum L. (Col., Chrysomelidae) zur Wirtspflanze. I. Freilanduntersuchungen Zwecks Untersuchung der Beziehungen von P. nemorum zur Wirtspflanze wurden Pflanzen verschiedener Arten in kleine Versuchsparzellen ausgesat. Einige Parzellen waren von einer naturlichen Population von P. nemorum besiedelt. In diesen Parzellen waren nur wenige Cruciferen, vor allem Radieschen, Rettich und Turnips (weise Rube), befallen. In anderen Parzellen wurden die Larven des 1. Stadiums aus einer Laborzucht von P. nemorum auf die Pflanzen freigelassen, um zu prufen, ob die Larven sich einbohren und entwickeln. Die Larven entwickelten sich gleich gut in Radieschen, Rettich, Turnips, schwarzem und weisem Senf, Capsella bursa pastoris und Erysimum hieraciifolium. Die Entwicklung der Larven war weniger erfolgreich in Cheiranthus cheiri, Crambe hispanica, Lunaria biennis, Cleome aurea, C. violacea und Reseda luteola. Nur wenige Larven waren imstande, sich in die wachsbedechten Pflanzen von Raps, Kohlrube, Weiskohl und Blumenkohl einzubohren. Waren sie aber erst eingebohrt, entwickelten sie sich gut. Offensichtlich bildet die Wachsschicht eine Barriere gegen Befall der Erstlarven von P. nemorum. Die Larven entwickelten sich nicht in Iberis amara, I. umbellata, Bunias erucago, Matthiola parviflora, Hesperis matronalis, Reseda alba, R. odorata, Tropaeolum majus und T. peregrinum, ebenso nicht in den nicht-senfolglukosidhaltigen Arten. Die Larven waren imstande, sich auch an einigen Pflanzenarten zu entwickeln, die von der naturlichen Population gemieden werden. Mindestens drei Faktoren beeinflussen die Verbreitung der Larven in den verschiedenen Pflanzenarten: 1. Das Eiablageverhalten der erwachsenen Kafer; 2. Das Einbohrungsverhalten der jungen Larven; 3. Die Fahigkeit der Larven zu uberleben.

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