Crisp and Fuzzy Optimisation Approaches for Water Network Retrofit

Material reuse/recycle has gained much attention in recent years for both economic and environmental reasons. Process integration techniques for water network synthesis have evolved rapidly in the past decade. With in-plant water reuse/recycle, fresh water and wastewater flowrates are reduced simultaneously. In this work, linear programming and mixed integer linear programming models that include piping cost and process constraints are developed to retrofit an existing water network in a paper mill that was not originally designed with process integration techniques. Five scenarios are presented, each representing different aspects of decision-making in real process integration projects. The fifth scenario makes use of fuzzy optimisation to achieve a compromise solution that considers the inherent conflict between maximising water recovery and minimising capital cost for retrofit.

[1]  Nick Hallale,et al.  A NEW GRAPHICAL TARGETING METHOD FOR WATER MINIMISATION , 2002 .

[2]  Tomio Umeda,et al.  OPTIMAL PLANNING OF WATER ALLOCATION IN INDUSTRY , 1980 .

[3]  M. El‐Halwagi.  Pollution prevention through process integration : systematic design tools , 1997 .

[4]  Robin Smith,et al.  Automated design of total water systems , 2005 .

[5]  Miguel J. Bagajewicz,et al.  Algorithmic procedure to design water utilization systems featuring a single contaminant in process plants , 2001 .

[6]  U. V. Shenoy,et al.  Unified conceptual approach to targeting and design of water and hydrogen networks , 2006 .

[7]  Antonis C. Kokossis,et al.  Wastewater minimisation of industrial systems using an integrated approach , 1998 .

[8]  Miguel J. Bagajewicz,et al.  On the optimality conditions of water utilization systems in process plants with single contaminants , 2000 .

[9]  Helen H. Lou,et al.  Synthesis of an optimal wastewater reuse network , 2000 .

[10]  Endre Rev,et al.  Optimal water use and treatment allocation , 1999 .

[11]  Robin Smith,et al.  Design of Water-Using Systems Involving Regeneration , 1998 .

[12]  Dominic C.Y. Foo,et al.  Synthesis of near-optimal topologically constrained property-based water network using swarm intelligence , 2007 .

[13]  T. Umeda,et al.  Optimal water allocation in a petroleum refinery , 1980 .

[14]  Russell F. Dunn,et al.  Process integration design methods for water conservation and wastewater reduction in industry , 2001 .

[15]  Mariano J. Savelski,et al.  On the Use of Linear Models for the Design of Water Utilization Systems in Process Plants with a Sin , 2001 .

[16]  U. V. Shenoy,et al.  Targeting for multiple resources , 2007 .

[17]  Raymond R. Tan,et al.  Synthesis of robust water reuse networks for single-component retrofit problems using symmetric fuzzy linear programming , 2004, Comput. Chem. Eng..

[18]  Yin Ling Tan,et al.  Targeting the minimum water flow rate using water cascade analysis technique , 2004 .

[19]  Mahmoud M. El-Halwagi,et al.  RIGOROUS GRAPHICAL TARGETING FOR RESOURCE CONSERVATION VIA MATERIAL RECYCLE/REUSE NETWORKS , 2003 .

[20]  Miguel J. Bagajewicz,et al.  ON A SYSTEMATIC DESIGN PROCEDURE FOR SINGLE COMPONENT WATER UTILIZATION SYSTEMS IN PROCESS PLANTS , 2001 .

[21]  Antonis C. Kokossis,et al.  A multi-contaminant transhipment model for mass exchange networks and wastewater minimisation problems , 1999 .

[22]  Ravi Prakash,et al.  Targeting and design of water networks for fixed flowrate and fixed contaminant load operations , 2005 .

[23]  J. Paris,et al.  Water network analysis in pulp and paper processes by pinch and linear programming techniques , 2002 .

[24]  Raymond R. Tan.  Assessing the Sensitivity of wastewater Reuse Networks to Noisy Loads Using Possibility Theory , 2003 .

[25]  R. F. Dunn,et al.  A process integration design method for water conservation and wastewater reduction in industry , 2001 .

[26]  Miguel J. Bagajewicz,et al.  On the necessary conditions of optimality of water utilization systems in process plants with multiple contaminants , 2003 .

[27]  Dominic C.Y. Foo,et al.  Retrofit of Water Network with Regeneration Using Water Pinch Analysis , 2007 .

[28]  Denny K. S. Ng,et al.  Evolution of water network using improved source shift algorithm and water path analysis , 2006 .

[29]  Dominic C.Y. Foo,et al.  Assessing the sensitivity of water networks to noisy mass loads using Monte Carlo simulation , 2007, Comput. Chem. Eng..

[30]  Miguel J. Bagajewicz,et al.  Design of water utilization systems in process plants with a single contaminant , 2000 .

[31]  Chuei-Tin Chang,et al.  Water usage and treatment network design using genetic algorithms , 2001 .

[32]  Mahmoud M. El-Halwagi,et al.  Synthesis of mass exchange networks , 1989 .

[33]  H. Pillai,et al.  Process water management , 2006 .

[34]  Ravi Prakash,et al.  Design and evolution of water networks by source shifts , 2005 .

[35]  Valentin Plesu,et al.  Genetic algorithm optimisation of water consumption and wastewater network topology , 2005 .

[36]  NORBERT BENKÕ,et al.  THE USE OF NONLINEAR PROGRAMMING TO OPTIMAL WATER ALLOCATION , 2000 .

[37]  Zhigang Shang,et al.  A two-stage optimisation approach to the design of water-using systems in process plants , 2003 .

[38]  L. Schrage.  Optimization Modeling With LINDO , 1997 .

[39]  H. Zimmermann.  Fuzzy programming and linear programming with several objective functions , 1978 .

[40]  Chuei-Tin Chang,et al.  A Mathematical Programming Model for Water Usage and Treatment Network Design , 1999 .

[41]  Yugang Li,et al.  An automatic approach to design water utilization network , 2003 .

[42]  Dominic C.Y. Foo,et al.  Use cascade analysis to optimize water networks , 2006 .

[43]  Y. P. Wang,et al.  Wastewater minimization with flowrate constraints , 1995 .

[44]  Denny K. S. Ng,et al.  Ultimate Flowrate Targeting with Regeneration Placement , 2007 .

[45]  Yuan Xi-Gang,et al.  An improved PSO algorithm for solving non-convex NLP/MINLP problems with equality constraints , 2007 .

[46]  S. Domenech,et al.  System closure in pulp and paper mills: network analysis by genetic algorithm , 2004 .

[47]  Russell F. Dunn,et al.  Process integration design methods for water conservation and wastewater reduction in industry: Part 2: Design for multiple contaminants , 2001 .

[48]  Santanu Bandyopadhyay,et al.  Source composite curve for waste reduction , 2006 .

[49]  Thongchai Srinophakun,et al.  GAPinch: genetic algorithm toolbox for water pinch technology , 2004 .

[50]  Zainuddin Abdul Manan,et al.  Retrofit of water network with optimization of existing regeneration units , 2006 .

[51]  Mariano J. Savelski,et al.  A robust method to obtain optimal and sub-optimal design and retrofit solutions of water utilization systems with multiple contaminants in process plants , 2000 .

[52]  Grzegorz Poplewski,et al.  Stochastic optimization based approach for designing cost optimal water networks , 2005 .

[53]  Robert G. Dyson.  Maximin Programming, Fuzzy Linear Programming and Multi-Criteria Decision Making , 1980 .

[54]  T. Umeda,et al.  On the formulation of optimal water allocation problem by linear programming , 1981 .

[55]  Denny K. S. Ng,et al.  Waste Streams Identification for Water Network , 2007 .