Uptake of RDX and TNT by Agronomic Plants

1U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Environmental Laboratory, 3909 Halls Ferry Road, Vicksburg, MS 39180–6199; 2U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Environmental Laboratory, 3909 Halls Ferry Road, Vicksburg, MS 39180-6199, Phone: 601-634-2802, penninj@wes.army.mil; 3U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Environmental Laboratory, 3909 Halls Ferry Road, Vicksburg, MS 39180-6199; 4Mississippi College, Clinton, MS 39060; 5DynTel Corp., 3530 Manor Drive, Vicksburg, MS 39180.

[1]  A. Mehlich.  Mehlich 3 soil test extractant: A modification of Mehlich 2 extractant , 1984 .

[2]  J. Pennington.  Soil Sorption and Plant Uptake of 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene. , 1988 .

[3]  J. Schnoor,et al.  Uptake and Transformation of TNT by Hybrid Poplar Trees , 1998 .

[4]  G. J. Mitchell,et al.  Principles and procedures of statistics: A biometrical approach , 1981 .

[5]  S. Larson,et al.  Environmental behavior of explosives in groundwater from the Milan Army Ammunition Plant in aquatic and wetland plant treatments. Removal, mass balances and fate in groundwater of TNT and RDX. , 1999, Chemosphere.

[6]  S. Siciliano,et al.  Plant-bacterial combinations to phytoremediate soil contaminated with high concentrations of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene , 2000 .

[7]  S. Comfort,et al.  TNT and 4-amino-2,6-dinitrotoluene influence on germination and early seedling development of tall fescue. , 1996, Environmental pollution.

[8]  A. E. Greenberg,et al.  Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater : supplement to the sixteenth edition , 1988 .

[9]  S. Larson,et al.  Classification of explosives transformation products in plant tissue , 1999 .

[10]  S. Pavlostathis,et al.  Transformaton of 2,4,6‐trinitrotoluene by the aquatic plant Myriophyllum spicatum , 1996 .

[11]  R. Wentsel,et al.  Evaluation of soil toxicity at joliet army ammunition plant , 1995 .

[12]  Awwa,et al.  Standard Methods for the examination of water and wastewater , 1999 .

[13]  Effects of Soil pH and Treatment Level on Persistence and Plant Uptake of 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene , 1988 .

[14]  A. Palazzo,et al.  Effect and disposition of TNT in a terrestrial plant , 1986 .

[15]  J. Pennington.  Plant uptake of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene, 4-amino-2,6-trinitrotoluene, and 2-amino-4,6 trinitrotoluene using ¹⁴C-labeled and unlabeled compounds , 1988 .

[16]  Patrick J Shea,et al.  TNT transport and fate in contaminated soil , 1995 .

[17]  J. Hughes,et al.  Transformation of TNT by Aquatic Plants and Plant Tissue Cultures , 1997 .

[18]  B. Wilke,et al.  Soil-Based Phytotoxicity of 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene (TNT) to Terrestrial Higher Plants , 1999, Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology.

[19]  L. Frederick.  Introduction to Soil Microbiology , 1962 .

[20]  Carlos E. Ruiz,et al.  Conceptual Model and Process Descriptor Formulations for Fate and Transport of UXO , 1999 .

[21]  S. Larson,et al.  Environmental behavior of explosives in groundwater from the Milan Army Ammunition Plant in aquatic and wetland plant treatments. Uptake and fate of TNT and RDX in plants. , 1999, Chemosphere.

[22]  S. D. Harvey,et al.  Fate of the explosive hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX) in soil and bioaccumulation in bush bean hydroponic plants , 1991 .

[23]  D. Werner,et al.  Species dependent uptake and tolerance of nitroaromatic compounds by higher plants , 1998 .

[24]  J. Oltmanns,et al.  Uptake of nitroaromatic compounds in plants , 1996, Environmental science and pollution research international.