Regulation of Biosynthesis of Individual Cellulases in Thermomonospora fusca

ABSTRACT Regulation of the biosynthesis of the six cellulases comprising the cellulolytic system of the thermophilic soil bacteriumThermomonospora fusca ER1 was studied. The levels of the individual enzymes produced on different noninducing and inducing carbon sources were determined. The lowest level of cellulase synthesis (3 nM) was observed with xylose as a carbon source, and the highest level (247 to 1,670 nM for different enzymes) was found in cultures grown on microcrystalline cellulose. Endocellulases and exocellulases showed distinctly different regulation patterns. Differences in the regulation of individual enzymes appear to be determined by the specific structural organization of the upstream regulatory sequences of their genes.

[1]  O. H. Lowry,et al.  Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent. , 1951, The Journal of biological chemistry.

[2]  U. K. Laemmli,et al.  Cleavage of Structural Proteins during the Assembly of the Head of Bacteriophage T4 , 1970, Nature.

[3]  E. Pye,et al.  Cellulolytic Enzyme System of Thermoactinomyces sp. Grown on Microcrystalline Cellulose , 1978, Applied and environmental microbiology.

[4]  H. Towbin,et al.  Electrophoretic transfer of proteins from polyacrylamide gels to nitrocellulose sheets: procedure and some applications. , 1979, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[5]  J. Sambrook,et al.  Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual , 2001 .

[6]  D. Wilson,et al.  Regulation of β-1,4-Endoglucanase Synthesis in Thermomonospora fusca , 1987 .

[7]  D. Wilson,et al.  Identification of a celE-binding protein and its potential role in induction of the celE gene in Thermomonospora fusca , 1988, Journal of bacteriology.

[8]  Horinouchi Sueharu,et al.  Cloning and nucleotide sequence of a cellulase gene, casA, from an alkalophilic Streptomyces strain. , 1988 .

[9]  D. Wilson,et al.  Transcription of the celE gene in Thermomonospora fusca , 1988, Journal of bacteriology.

[10]  D. Wilson,et al.  DNA sequences of three beta-1,4-endoglucanase genes from Thermomonospora fusca , 1991, Journal of bacteriology.

[11]  S. Walter,et al.  The gene encoding the cellulase (Avicelase) Cell from Streptomyces reticuli and analysis of protein domains , 1992, Molecular microbiology.

[12]  D. Kluepfel,et al.  Purification and characterization of an endoglucanase from Streptomyces lividans 66 and DNA sequence of the gene , 1992, Applied and environmental microbiology.

[13]  H. Gilbert,et al.  Pseudomonas fluorescens subsp. cellulosa: an alternative model for bacterial cellulase. , 1992, The Journal of applied bacteriology.

[14]  J. M. Fernández-Abalos,et al.  Cloning and nucleotide sequence of celA1, and endo-beta-1,4-glucanase-encoding gene from Streptomyces halstedii JM8 , 1992, Journal of bacteriology.

[15]  P. Karplus,et al.  Crystal structure of the catalytic domain of a thermophilic endocellulase. , 1993, Biochemistry.

[16]  Gauri,et al.  Regulation, purification, and properties of xylanase from Cellulomonas fimi , 1993 .

[17]  L. Walker,et al.  Activity studies of eight purified cellulases: Specificity, synergism, and binding domain effects , 1993, Biotechnology and bioengineering.

[18]  J. M. Fernández-Abalos,et al.  Cloning and Nucleotide Sequence of celA 1, an Endo-β-1,4-Glucanase-Encoding Gene from Streptomyces halstedii JM8 , 1993 .

[19]  D. Wilson,et al.  DNA sequences and expression in Streptomyces lividans of an exoglucanase gene and an endoglucanase gene from Thermomonospora fusca , 1993, Applied and environmental microbiology.

[20]  D. Wilson,et al.  Characterization of a Thermomonospora fusca exocellulase. , 1995, Biochemistry.

[21]  Nafisa N. Nazipova,et al.  SAMSON: a software package for the biopolymer primary structure analysis , 1995, Comput. Appl. Biosci..

[22]  J. Brady,et al.  Conformational modeling of substrate binding to endocellulase E2 from Thermomonospora fusca. , 1995, Protein engineering.

[23]  B. Ganem,et al.  Identification of two functionally different classes of exocellulases. , 1996, Biochemistry.

[24]  P. Karplus,et al.  Structure and mechanism of endo/exocellulase E4 from Thermomonospora fusca , 1997, Nature Structural Biology.

[25]  J. Martín,et al.  Cloning, expression in Streptomyces lividans and biochemical characterization of a thermostable endo-β-1,4-xylanase of Thermomonospora alba UL JB1 with cellulose-binding ability , 1997, Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology.

[26]  Binding reversibility and surface exchange of Thermomonospora fusca E3 and E5 and Trichoderma reesei CBHI , 1997 .

[27]  Shenmin Zhang,et al.  Roles of the Catalytic Domain and Two Cellulose Binding Domains of Thermomonospora fusca E4 in Cellulose Hydrolysis , 1998, Journal of bacteriology.