Security risk assessment and protection in the chemical and process industry

This article describes a security risk assessment and protection methodology that was developed for use in the chemical and process industries in Belgium. The method employs a risk‐based approach according to design principles for object‐oriented protection, using so‐called Typicals. The approach is beneficial for workers in the chemical industry because of the familiarity with safety models and concepts in this particular industry. The model combines the rings‐of‐protection approach with generic security practices including management and procedures, security technology (e.g., CCTV, fences, and access control), and human interactions (proactive as well as reactive). The method is illustrated in a case‐study where a practical protection plan was developed for an existing chemical company. This article demonstrates that the method is useful for similar chemical and process industrial activities far beyond the Belgian borders, as well as for cross‐industrial security protection. In summary, this article offers an insight into how the chemical sector might protect itself on the one hand and an insight into how security risk management may be practiced on the other hand. © 2014 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Process Saf Prog 34: 72–83, 2015

[1]  Tsung-Chih Wu,et al.  A correlation among safety leadership, safety climate and safety performance , 2008 .

[2]  Jean-Luc Wybo,et al.  A Threat Assessment Review Planning (TARP) decision flowchart for complex industrial areas , 2013 .

[3]  NTERNATIOf iROUP.  Defence in Depth in Nuclear Safety INSAG-10 , 2003 .

[4]  Raghu Raman,et al.  Process Systems Risk Management , 2013 .

[5]  Svetlana Borukhova.  Engineering risk management , 2014 .

[6]  Sankaran Mahadevan,et al.  Vulnerability Assessment of Physical Protection Systems: A Bio-Inspired Approach , 2015, Int. J. Unconv. Comput..

[7]  David A. Moore.  Security Risk Assessment Methodology for the petroleum and petrochemical industries , 2013 .

[8]  Genserik Reniers,et al.  Terrorism security in the chemical industry: Results of a qualitative investigation , 2011 .

[9]  Miles Jakeman,et al.  Security Risk Management , 2009 .

[10]  Frank P. Lees,et al.  Loss Prevention In The Process Industries , 1980 .

[11]  Douglas J. Landoll,et al.  The Security Risk Assessment Handbook , 2005 .

[12]  Martin Gill,et al.  The Handbook of Security , 2014 .

[13]  E. Andrew Kapp,et al.  The influence of supervisor leadership practices and perceived group safety climate on employee safety performance , 2012 .

[14]  Daniel A. Crowl,et al.  Inherently safer chemical processes : a life cycle approach , 1997 .

[15]  Arthur M. Dowell.  Layer of protection analysis and inherently safer processes , 1999 .

[16]  Olivier Salvi,et al.  Protection of Hazardous Installations and Critical Infrastructures - Complementarity of Safety and Security Approaches , 2007 .

[17]  Lawrence J. Fennelly,et al.  Handbook of Loss Prevention and Crime Prevention , 1982 .

[18]  Ccps.  Guidelines for Chemical Process Quantitative Risk Analysis , 1999 .

[19]  Doug Scott.  Guidelines for Analyzing and Managing the Security Vulnerabilities of Fixed Chemical Sites Center for Chemical Process Safety (CCPS) of the American Institute of Chemical Engineers, 2003 216 pp, £56, ISBN 0 8169 0877 X , 2004 .

[20]  Hossam A. Gabbar,et al.  The Design of a Practical Enterprise Safety Management System , 2005 .

[21]  Thomas Norman.  Risk Analysis and Security Countermeasure Selection , 2009 .

[22]  Genserik Reniers.  Multi-Plant Safety and Security Management in the Chemical and Process Industries: RENIERS:MULTIPLANT SAFETY O-BK , 2010 .

[23]  J. Talbot,et al.  Security Risk Management Body of Knowledge , 2009 .