Acquired uterine arteriovenous malformation after Caesarean section

Uterine arteriovenous malformations (AVM) are accepted as potentially life-threatening abnormalities. These lesions have been classified as congenital or acquired. The most common cause of acquired lesions is previous uterine trauma (surgery, malignancy, gestational trophoblastic disease) which leads to vascular wall injury within the myometrium that is covered by endometrium. The main clinical presentation of AVM is recurrent, profuse vaginal bleeding refractory to medical treatment. The management of AVM relies on accurate diagnosis by eliminating all other causes that manifest themselves by vaginal bleeding.