Applying Constraint Satisfaction Techniques to 3D Camera Control
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Controlling an autonomous camera in three-dimensional (3D) virtual environments is a difficult task which manifests itself in many interactive computer graphics applications. Computer games [2] and guided exploration [1] are examples where autonomous cameras are required to provide suitable views of the scene as the user interacts with the environment. The camera system is expected to consistently provide a suitable view of the target object(s) for the user.
The camera control problem is often over-constrained. We successfully applied local search strategies to generate solutions to the problem in real-time. A cost is associated with each constraint (current constraints are: distance, height, occlusion, frame coherence rotation, and frame coherence distance), making some constraints more likely to be satisfied than others. A 3D game engine was developed to evaluate the camera's real-time performance. Preliminary comparisons with related works indicate significant performance benefits from the use of local search.
[1] Thomas Strothotte,et al. A Camera Engine for Computer Games: Managing the Trade‐Off Between Constraint Satisfaction and Frame Coherence , 2001, Comput. Graph. Forum.
[2] Steffi Beckhaus,et al. CubicalPath-dynamic potential fields for guided exploration in virtual environments , 2000, Proceedings the Eighth Pacific Conference on Computer Graphics and Applications.