Smart energy solutions with hydrogen options

Abstract We are in an era where everything is now requested to be smart. Here are some examples, such as smart materials smart devices, smartphones, smart grid, and smart metering. In regard to energy portfolio, we need to make it in line with these under smart energy solutions. With the developed cutting-edge technologies and artificial intelligence applications, we need to change the course of action in dealing with energy matters by covering the entire energy spectrum under five categories, namely, energy fundamentals and concepts, energy materials, energy production, energy conversion, and energy management. It is important to highlight the importance of a recent event. On 17 January 2017 a total of thirteen leading energy, transport and industry companies in the World Economic Forum in Davos (Switzerland) have launched a global initiative, so-called: Hydrogen Council, to voice a united vision and long-term ambition for hydrogen to foster the energy transition. It has aimed to join the global efforts in promoting hydrogen to help meet climate goals. This is a clear indication that smart solutions are not possible without hydrogen options. This study focuses on introducing and highlighting smart energy solutions under the portfolio pertaining to exergization, greenization, renewabilization, hydrogenization, integration, multigeneration, storagization, and intelligization. Each one of these plays a critical role within the smart energy portfolio and becomes key for a more sustainable future. This study also focuses on the newly developed smart energy systems by combining both renewable energy sources and hydrogen energy systems to provide more efficient, more cost-effective, more environmentally benign and more sustainable solutions for implementation. Furthermore, a wide range of integrated systems is presented to illustrate the feasibility and importance such a coupling to overcome several technical issues. Moreover, numerous studies from the recent literature are presented to highlight the importance of sustainable hydrogen production methods for a carbon-free economy.

[1]  Duu-Jong Lee,et al.  Recent insights into biohydrogen production by microalgae - From biophotolysis to dark fermentation. , 2017, Bioresource technology.

[2]  Y. Strengers,et al.  Smart home technologies in everyday life: do they address key energy challenges in households? , 2018 .

[3]  Yong Feng Li,et al.  Batch dark fermentation from enzymatic hydrolyzed food waste for hydrogen production. , 2015, Bioresource technology.

[4]  Ibrahim Dincer,et al.  Analysis and assessment of an integrated hydrogen energy system , 2016 .

[5]  Zisheng Zhang,et al.  CdS-sensitized K2La2Ti3O10 composite: a new photocatalyst for hydrogen evolution under visible light irradiation , 2013 .

[6]  A. Dalai,et al.  Catalytic oxidative steam reforming of bio-ethanol for hydrogen production over Rh promoted Ni/CeO2–ZrO2 catalyst , 2015 .

[7]  Ibrahim Dincer,et al.  Potential Energy Solutions for Better Sustainability , 2018 .

[8]  S. Ebbesen,et al.  Understanding the processes governing performance and durability of solid oxide electrolysis cells. , 2015, Faraday discussions.

[9]  A. Deshpande,et al.  Critical role of particle size and interfacial properties in the visible light induced splitting of water over the nanocrystallites of supported cadmium sulphide , 2010 .

[10]  Bipro Ranjan Dhar,et al.  Hydrogen production from sugar beet juice using an integrated biohydrogen process of dark fermentation and microbial electrolysis cell. , 2015, Bioresource technology.

[11]  G. Voth,et al.  Hydroxide Solvation and Transport in Anion Exchange Membranes. , 2016, Journal of the American Chemical Society.

[12]  Ibrahim Dincer,et al.  Innovation in hydrogen production , 2017 .

[13]  Vincenzo Balzani,et al.  Towards an electricity-powered world , 2011 .

[14]  Lei Bi,et al.  Steam electrolysis by solid oxide electrolysis cells (SOECs) with proton-conducting oxides. , 2014, Chemical Society reviews.

[15]  I. Dincer,et al.  Effects of various solar spectra on photovoltaic cell efficiency and photonic hydrogen production , 2016 .

[16]  Hans Oechsner,et al.  Biological hydrogen methanation - A review. , 2017, Bioresource technology.

[17]  L. Bertin,et al.  Acclimation to hypoxia in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii: can biophotolysis be the major trigger for long-term H2 production? , 2014, The New phytologist.

[18]  I. Dincer,et al.  Analysis and assessment of a hydrogen production plant consisting of coal gasification, thermochemical water decomposition and hydrogen compression systems , 2018 .

[19]  Brian Ó Gallachóir,et al.  The role of hydrogen in low carbon energy futures–A review of existing perspectives , 2018 .

[20]  Pinaki Bhattacharya,et al.  Hydrogen from food processing wastes via photofermentation using Purple Non-sulfur Bacteria (PNSB) – A review , 2017 .

[21]  Fengxiang Zhang,et al.  Hydroxide ion transfer in anion exchange membrane: A density functional theory study , 2016 .

[22]  K. Hirose.  Hydrogen as a fuel for today and tomorrow: expectations for advanced hydrogen storage materials/systems research. , 2011, Faraday discussions.

[23]  Janusz A. Kozinski,et al.  Supercritical water gasification of biomass for hydrogen production , 2014 .

[24]  H. Alves,et al.  Treatment of brewery wastewater and its use for biological production of methane and hydrogen , 2017 .

[25]  G. Lopez,et al.  Recent advances in the gasification of waste plastics. A critical overview , 2018 .

[26]  Riccardo Amirante,et al.  Overview on recent developments in energy storage: Mechanical, electrochemical and hydrogen technologies , 2017 .

[27]  G. Naterer,et al.  Review of photocatalytic water‐splitting methods for sustainable hydrogen production , 2016 .

[28]  K. Domen,et al.  Direct water splitting into hydrogen and oxygen under visible light by using modified TaON photocatalysts with d(0) electronic configuration. , 2013, Chemistry.

[29]  R. Moreno,et al.  A two-stage process for hydrogen production from cheese whey: Integration of dark fermentation and biocatalyzed electrolysis , 2015 .

[30]  Zeynep Yilmazer Hitit,et al.  Increased hydrogen yield and COD removal from starch/glucose based medium by sequential dark and photo-fermentation using Clostridium butyricum and Rhodopseudomonas palustris , 2017 .

[31]  I. Dincer,et al.  Comparative Environmental Impact Evaluation of Hydrogen Production Methods from Renewable and Nonrenewable Sources , 2013 .

[32]  E. MacA. Gray,et al.  Optimization and integration of hybrid renewable energy hydrogen fuel cell energy systems – A critical review , 2017 .

[33]  H. Ho,et al.  Towards a smart energy network: The roles of fuel/electrolysis cells and technological perspectives , 2015 .

[34]  Tanay Sıdkı Uyar,et al.  Integration of hydrogen energy systems into renewable energy systems for better design of 100% renewable energy communities , 2017 .

[35]  Viktor Dorer,et al.  Feasibility of renewable hydrogen based energy supply for a district , 2017 .

[36]  Rosario Gil,et al.  Smart Grid: Assessment of the past and present in developed and developing countries , 2017 .

[37]  B. Cheirsilp,et al.  Biophotolysis-based hydrogen and lipid production by oleaginous microalgae using crude glycerol as exogenous carbon source , 2017 .

[38]  J. Jang,et al.  Heterojunction semiconductors: A strategy to develop efficient photocatalytic materials for visible light water splitting , 2012 .

[39]  M. Iliuta,et al.  High temperature CO2 sorbents and their application for hydrogen production by sorption enhanced steam reforming process , 2016 .

[40]  David Connolly,et al.  Smart energy and smart energy systems , 2017 .

[41]  I. Dincer,et al.  Sustainable hydrogen production options and the role of IAHE , 2012 .

[42]  Ibrahim Dincer,et al.  A review on clean energy solutions for better sustainability , 2015 .

[43]  J. Chen,et al.  A review of high temperature co-electrolysis of H2O and CO2 to produce sustainable fuels using solid oxide electrolysis cells (SOECs): advanced materials and technology. , 2017, Chemical Society reviews.

[44]  I. Dincer,et al.  Review and evaluation of hydrogen production methods for better sustainability , 2015 .

[45]  Ibrahim Dincer.  Smart energy solutions , 2016 .

[46]  D. Stolten,et al.  A comprehensive review on PEM water electrolysis , 2013 .

[47]  Ibrahim Dincer,et al.  Smart energy systems for a sustainable future , 2017 .

[48]  R. P. Rastogi,et al.  Microalgal hydrogen production - A review. , 2017, Bioresource technology.

[49]  Fan Zhang,et al.  The survey of key technologies in hydrogen energy storage , 2016 .

[50]  Gianluigi Lo Basso,et al.  Hydrogen to link heat and electricity in the transition towards future Smart Energy Systems , 2016 .

[51]  D. Stolten,et al.  Validation and characterization of suitable materials for bipolar plates in PEM water electrolysis , 2015 .

[52]  J. Botas,et al.  Thermochemical hydrogen production using manganese cobalt spinels as redox materials , 2017 .

[53]  N. Ren,et al.  Photo-fermentation hydrogen production by Rhodopseudomonas sp. nov. strain A7 isolated from the sludge in a bioreactor , 2015 .

[54]  Maohong Fan,et al.  The progress in water gas shift and steam reforming hydrogen production technologies – A review , 2014 .

[55]  Panagiotis Lianos,et al.  Review of recent trends in photoelectrocatalytic conversion of solar energy to electricity and hydrogen , 2017 .