A Freshwater clam (Corbicula fluminea) extract reduces cholesterol level and hepatic lipids in normal rats and xenobiotics-induced hypercholesterolemic rats.

We investigated whether a freshwater clam (Corbicula fluminea) extract (FCE) could improve cholesterol metabolism and hepatic lipids accumulation in rats fed xenobiotics such as chloretone. Feeding chloretone resulted in hypercholesterolemia and fatty liver. An increase in serum cholesterol, high density lipoproteins (HDL) in particular, after intake of chloretone was observed. Serum cholesterol was decreased by supplementation with FCE. Accumulation of the hepatic lipids including triacylglycerol, cholesterol, and phospholipid was significantly suppressed by supplementation with FCE. The excretion of neutral and acidic sterols into the feces was enhanced by FCE. The hepatic gene expression of cholesterol 7alpha-hydroxylase was enhanced in rats fed a FCE-containing diet. Apolipoprotein A-I gene expression in the liver, which is a major apolipoprotein of HDL, was suppressed by FCE. These results demonstrated that FCE reduced cholesterol level and hepatic lipids in normal rats and hypercholesterolemic rats fed chloretone.

[1]  S. Mochizuki,et al.  A Freshwater Clam (Corbicula fluminea) Extract Improves Cholesterol Metabolism in Rats Fed on a High-Cholesterol Diet , 2008, Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry.

[2]  Masao Sato,et al.  Genetic analysis of diet-induced hypercholesterolemia in exogenously hypercholesterolemic rats Published, JLR Papers in Press, August 1, 2005. DOI 10.1194/jlr.M500257-JLR200 , 2005, Journal of Lipid Research.

[3]  S. Frazer,et al.  β-Glucan Fractions from Barley and Oats Are Similarly Antiatherogenic in Hypercholesterolemic Syrian Golden Hamsters , 2003 .

[4]  Oda,et al.  Apolipoprotein A-I gene expression is upregulated by polychlorinated biphenyls in rat liver. , 2000, The Journal of nutritional biochemistry.

[5]  M. Arrese,et al.  Ileal bile acid transport regulates bile acid pool, synthesis, and plasma cholesterol levels differently in cholesterol-fed rats and rabbits. , 2000, Journal of lipid research.

[6]  H. Oda,et al.  Glucocorticoid-dependent induction of HMG-CoA reductase and malic enzyme gene expression by polychlorinated biphenyls in rat hepatocytes. , 1999, The Journal of nutritional biochemistry.

[7]  A. Kakinuma,et al.  Insulin suppresses the induction of CYP2B1 and CYP2B2 gene expression by phenobarbital in adult rat cultured hepatocytes. , 1996, Biochemical and biophysical research communications.

[8]  A. Kakinuma,et al.  Laminin-rich extracellular matrix maintains high level of hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 in rat hepatocyte culture. , 1995, Biochemical and biophysical research communications.

[9]  N. Matsushita,et al.  Cholesterol-rich Very Low Density Lipoproteins and Fatty Liver in Rats Fed Polychlorinated Biphenyls , 1994 .

[10]  H. Oda,et al.  Effect of Feeding Xenobiotics on Serum High Density Lipoprotein and Apolipoprotein A-I in Rats , 1994 .

[11]  M. Wakayama,et al.  Liver-specific Induction of NADPH-generating Enzymes by Polychlorinated Biphenyls in Rats. , 1993, Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry.

[12]  N. Matsushita,et al.  Hyperlipoproteinemia in rats fed polychlorinated biphenyls. , 1990, Journal of nutritional science and vitaminology.

[13]  L. Rudel,et al.  Differential effects of dietary fat on the tissue-specific expression of the apolipoprotein A-I gene: relationship to plasma concentration of high density lipoproteins. , 1989, Journal of lipid research.

[14]  J. Breslow,et al.  High levels of human apolipoprotein A-I in transgenic mice result in increased plasma levels of small high density lipoprotein (HDL) particles comparable to human HDL3. , 1989, The Journal of biological chemistry.

[15]  P. Chomczyński,et al.  Single-step method of RNA isolation by acid guanidinium thiocyanate-phenol-chloroform extraction. , 1987, Analytical biochemistry.

[16]  L. Chan,et al.  Changes in apolipoprotein A-I mRNA level in the liver of rats with experimental nephrotic syndrome. , 1986, Biochimica et biophysica acta.

[17]  Y. Aoyama,et al.  Effects of excess dietary tyrosine or certain xenobiotics on the cholesterogenesis in rats. , 1986, The Journal of nutrition.

[18]  A Poland,et al.  2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin and related halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons: examination of the mechanism of toxicity. , 1982, Annual review of pharmacology and toxicology.

[19]  F. Horio,et al.  Effects of some xenobiotics on ascorbic acid metabolism in rats. , 1982, The Journal of nutrition.

[20]  D. S. Lin,et al.  Lymphatic absorption of shellfish sterols and their effects on cholesterol absorption. , 1981, The American journal of clinical nutrition.

[21]  N. Kato,et al.  Effect of dietary level of protein on liver microsomal drug-metabolizing enzymes, urinary ascorbic acid and lipid metabolism in rats fed PCB-containing diets. , 1980, The Journal of nutrition.

[22]  N. Iritani,et al.  Reduction of lipogenic enzymes by shellfish triglycerides in rat liver. , 1980, The Journal of nutrition.

[23]  N. Iritani,et al.  Effect of feeding the shell fish (Corbicula japonica) on lipid metabolism in the rat. , 1979, Atherosclerosis.

[24]  J. Dietschy,et al.  Effect of cholesterol feeding and fasting on sterol synthesis in seventeen tissues of the rat. , 1967, Journal of lipid research.

[25]  D. Kritchevsky,et al.  The Sterols of Seafood , 1967 .

[26]  J. Folch,et al.  A simple method for the isolation and purification of total lipides from animal tissues. , 1957, The Journal of biological chemistry.