Numerical Analysis of Water Hammer Phenomena in 1st and 2nd Stages of Seoul Metropolitan Wide Area Water Distribution Network

Analysis of water hammer phenomena in pipe networks involves difficulties that are not experienced in single pipes. We have simulated water hammer phenomena in the first Stage and the second Stage of Seoul Metropolitan Wide Area Water Distribution Network considering difficulties associated with water hammer analysis in pipe networks. Friction coefficients of pipe networks are usually not known accurately. We estimate these values by comparing observed and computed hydraulic heads. Uncertainty in boundary conditions is examined by using specified discharge and specified head conditions. Large differences are observed. Skeletonization of pipe networks also has a significant impact on simulation results. For reliable analysis it is essential to use realistic boundary conditions and to avoid excessive simplifications of pipe networks.