Software-Implemented Fault Injection of Transient Hardware Errors

As computer applications extend to areas which require extreme dependability, their designs mandate the ability to operate in the presence of faults. The problem of assuring that the design goals are achieved requires the observation and measurement of fault behavior parameters under various input conditions. One means to characterize systems is fault injection, but injection of internal faults is difficult due to the complexity and level of integration of contemporary VLSI implementations. This chapter explores the effects of gate-level faults on system operation as a basis for fault models at the program level.

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