Large-Eddy Simulation of the Wind Field and Plume Dispersion Within Different Obstacle Arrays Using a Dynamic Mixing Length Subgrid-Scale Model

A novel dynamic mixing length (DML) subgrid-scale (SGS) model is proposed to improve the large-eddy simulations of the wind field and contaminant dispersion around a group of buildings. Wind field and contaminant dispersion in two kinds of building array geometries are simulated using the model, with wind-tunnel experimental data used to validate the model. The relative errors in the lateral profiles of the streamwise mean velocities behind the sixth row of the buildings of the staggered obstacle array and the aligned obstacle array at the half height of the building are 15 and 9%, respectively. The DML velocity fluctuations in the staggered and aligned obstacle arrays are in agreement with those of the experiment. The results indicate that the DML model can make a more accurate prediction of the mean velocity and velocity fluctuations. The DML model is highly suitable for the simulation of multi-scale turbulent flow in urban canyons, of high Reynolds number turbulent flow and of complex turbulent flow.

[1]  Stephen E Belcher,et al.  Mixing and transport in urban areas , 2005, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences.

[2]  T. G. Thomas,et al.  Structure of turbulent flow over regular arrays of cubical roughness , 2007, Journal of Fluid Mechanics.

[3]  Yoshihide Tominaga,et al.  Cooperative project for CFD prediction of pedestrian wind environment in the Architectural Institute of Japan , 2007 .

[4]  Xin Wang,et al.  Evaluation of CFD Simulation using RANS Turbulence Models for Building Effects on Pollutant Dispersion , 2006 .

[5]  Richard J. Perkins,et al.  Plume dispersion through large groups of obstacles – a field investigation , 1995 .

[6]  M. Parlange,et al.  Modeling flow around bluff bodies and predicting urban dispersion using large eddy simulation. , 2006, Environmental science & technology.

[7]  Charles Meneveau,et al.  Large-eddy simulation of plant canopy flows using plant-scale representation , 2007 .

[8]  Manabu Kanda,et al.  Large-Eddy Simulation of Turbulent Organized Structures within and above Explicitly Resolved Cube Arrays , 2004 .

[9]  Manabu Kanda,et al.  Large-Eddy Simulations on the Effects of Surface Geometry of Building Arrays on Turbulent Organized Structures , 2004 .

[10]  Hiroto Kataoka,et al.  Numerical simulations of a wind-induced vibrating square cylinder within turbulent boundary layer , 2006 .

[11]  T. G. Thomas,et al.  Mean Flow and Turbulence Statistics Over Groups of Urban-like Cubical Obstacles , 2006 .

[12]  A. Chan,et al.  Strategic guidelines for street canyon geometry to achieve sustainable street air quality , 2001 .

[13]  M. J. Davidson,et al.  Wind tunnel simulations of plume dispersion through groups of obstacles , 1996 .

[14]  S. Belcher,et al.  Adjustment of a turbulent boundary layer to a canopy of roughness elements , 2003, Journal of Fluid Mechanics.

[15]  Rainald Löhner,et al.  Comparisons of model simulations with observations of mean flow and turbulence within simple obstacle arrays , 2002 .

[16]  Wanmin Gong,et al.  A wind tunnel study of turbulent flow over model hills , 1989 .

[17]  Guixiang Cui,et al.  Large eddy simulation of wind field and plume dispersion in building array , 2008 .

[18]  Ugo Piomelli,et al.  On the large‐eddy simulation of transitional wall‐bounded flows , 1990 .

[19]  D. J. Hall,et al.  A comparison of results from scaled field and wind tunnel modelling of dispersion in arrays of obstacles , 1998 .

[20]  C. Tropea,et al.  The Flow Around Surface-Mounted, Prismatic Obstacles Placed in a Fully Developed Channel Flow (Data Bank Contribution) , 1993 .

[21]  Richard Griffiths,et al.  Field experiments of dispersion through regular arrays of cubic structures , 1997 .

[22]  P. Moin,et al.  A dynamic subgrid‐scale eddy viscosity model , 1990 .

[23]  Takeshi Ishihara,et al.  A wind tunnel study of turbulent flow over a three-dimensional steep hill , 1999 .

[24]  Maya Milliez,et al.  Numerical simulations of pollutant dispersion in an idealized urban area, for different meteorological conditions , 2007 .

[25]  Shmuel Einav,et al.  A laser-Doppler velocimetry study of ensemble-averaged characteristics of the turbulent near wake of a square cylinder , 1995, Journal of Fluid Mechanics.

[26]  Yoshihide Tominaga,et al.  Comparison of various k-ε models and DSM applied to flow around a high-rise building - report on AIJ cooperative project for CFD prediction of wind environment - , 2002 .

[27]  Stephen E. Belcher,et al.  A canopy model of mean winds through urban areas , 2004 .

[28]  Sang Jin Jeong,et al.  Application of the k–ε turbulence model to the high Reynolds number skimming flow field of an urban street canyon , 2002 .

[29]  Jong‐Jin Baik,et al.  A numerical study of the effects of ambient wind direction on flow and dispersion in urban street canyons using the RNG k–ε turbulence model , 2004 .

[30]  M. Parlange,et al.  The Effects of Building Representation and Clustering in Large-Eddy Simulations of Flows in Urban Canopies , 2009 .

[31]  R. Gailis,et al.  A Wind-Tunnel Simulation of Plume Dispersion Within a Large Array of Obstacles , 2006 .

[32]  Christopher Baker,et al.  Large‐eddy simulation of turbulent flow in a street canyon , 2004 .