Impact of the propagation environment on the performance of space-frequency coded MIMO-OFDM

Previous work on space-frequency coded multiple-input multiple-output orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (MIMO-OFDM) has been restricted to idealistic propagation conditions. In this paper, using a broadband MIMO channel model taking into account Ricean K-factor, transmit and receive angle spread, and antenna spacing, we study the impact of the propagation environment on the performance of space-frequency coded MIMO-OFDM. For a given space-frequency code, we quantify the achievable diversity order and coding gain as a function of the propagation parameters. We find that while the presence of spatial receive correlation affects all space-frequency codes equally, spatial fading correlation at the transmit array can result in widely varying performance losses. High-rate space-frequency codes such as spatial multiplexing are typically significantly more affected by transmit correlation than low-rate codes such as space-frequency block codes. We show that in the MIMO Ricean case the presence of frequency-selectivity typically results in improved performance compared to the frequency-flat case.

[1]  A. M. Mathai.  Quadratic forms in random variables , 1992 .

[2]  Siavash M. Alamouti,et al.  A simple transmit diversity technique for wireless communications , 1998, IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun..

[3]  W. C. Jakes,et al.  Microwave Mobile Communications , 1974 .

[4]  A. Robert Calderbank,et al.  Space-Time Codes for High Data Rate Wireless Communications : Performance criterion and Code Construction , 1998, IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory.

[5]  Leonard J. Cimini,et al.  Analysis and Simulation of a Digital Mobile Channel Using Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing , 1985, IEEE Trans. Commun..

[6]  John G. Proakis,et al.  Digital Communications , 1983 .

[7]  Xiaodong Wang,et al.  Space-time code design in OFDM systems , 2000, Globecom '00 - IEEE. Global Telecommunications Conference. Conference Record (Cat. No.00CH37137).

[8]  Helmut Bölcskei,et al.  On the capacity of OFDM-based spatial multiplexing systems , 2002, IEEE Trans. Commun..

[9]  Chen-Nee Chuah,et al.  Capacity scaling in MIMO Wireless systems under correlated fading , 2002, IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory.

[10]  I. S. Gradshteyn,et al.  Table of Integrals, Series, and Products , 1976 .

[11]  Antonio Ruiz,et al.  Frequency domain data transmission using reduced computational complexity algorithms , 1980, ICASSP.

[12]  Youjian Liu,et al.  Space-time codes performance criteria and design for frequency selective fading channels , 2001, ICC 2001. IEEE International Conference on Communications. Conference Record (Cat. No.01CH37240).

[13]  U. Grenander,et al.  Toeplitz Forms And Their Applications , 1958 .

[14]  Helmut Bölcskei,et al.  Space-frequency coded broadband OFDM systems , 2000, 2000 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference. Conference Record (Cat. No.00TH8540).

[15]  Gerard J. Foschini,et al.  Layered space-time architecture for wireless communication in a fading environment when using multi-element antennas , 1996, Bell Labs Technical Journal.

[16]  A.J. Paulraj,et al.  Space-frequency codes for broadband fading channels , 2001, Proceedings. 2001 IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory (IEEE Cat. No.01CH37252).

[17]  Jack H. Winters,et al.  Two signaling schemes for improving the error performance of frequency division duplex (FDD) transmission systems using transmitter antenna diversity , 1994, Int. J. Wirel. Inf. Networks.

[18]  Helmut Bölcskei,et al.  Space-frequency coded MIMO-OFDM with variable multiplexing-diversity tradeoff , 2003, IEEE International Conference on Communications, 2003. ICC '03..

[19]  G.B. Giannakis,et al.  Space-time coding with maximum diversity gains over frequency-selective fading channels , 2001, IEEE Signal Processing Letters.

[20]  Pål K. Frenger,et al.  Convolutional codes with optimum distance spectrum , 1999, IEEE Communications Letters.

[21]  John M. Cioffi,et al.  Spatio-temporal coding for wireless communication , 1998, IEEE Trans. Commun..

[22]  Charles R. Johnson,et al.  Topics in Matrix Analysis , 1991 .