Video watermarking scheme based on visual cryptography and scene change detection

Abstract There is wide interest in multimedia security and copyright protection due the explosion of data exchange in the Internet and the extensive use of digital media. We propose a novel video watermarking scheme based on visual cryptography and scene change detection in discrete wavelet transform domain. We start with a complete survey of the current image and video watermarking technologies, and have noticed that majority of the existing schemes are not capable of resisting all attacks. We propose the idea to use different parts of a single watermark into different scenes of a video for generation of the owner's share from the original video based on the frame mean in same scene and the binary watermark, and generation of the identification share based on the frame mean of probably attacked video. These two shares after stacking can reveal the copyright ownership. Experiments are conducted to verify the robustness through a series of experiments. The security requirement of the proposed algorithm is achieved with the visual cryptography.

[1]  Young-Chang Hou,et al.  A Visual Cryptography and Statistics Based Method for Ownership Identification of Digital Images , 2007 .

[2]  Michael R. Lyu,et al.  A novel scheme for hybrid digital video watermarking: approach, evaluation and experimentation , 2005, IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology.

[3]  Iwan Setyawan,et al.  Watermarking digital image and video data. A state-of-the-art overview , 2000 .

[4]  Graham Wade,et al.  Combating geometrical attacks in a DWT based blind video watermarking system , 2002, International Symposium on VIPromCom Video/Image Processing and Multimedia Communications.

[5]  Chun-Shien Lu,et al.  Video object-based watermarking: a rotation and flipping resilient scheme , 2001, Proceedings 2001 International Conference on Image Processing (Cat. No.01CH37205).

[6]  Ingemar J. Cox,et al.  Electronic watermarking: the first 50 years , 2001, 2001 IEEE Fourth Workshop on Multimedia Signal Processing (Cat. No.01TH8564).

[7]  Lai-Wan Chan,et al.  Intra-block algorithm for digital watermarking , 1998, Proceedings. Fourteenth International Conference on Pattern Recognition (Cat. No.98EX170).

[8]  Aree Ali Mohammed,et al.  Fast Predictive Coding Method Based on an Enhanced Blocks Motion Estimation , 2008, IPCV.

[9]  Bharat K. Bhargava,et al.  Invisible watermarking based on creation and robust insertion-extraction of image adaptive watermarks , 2008, TOMCCAP.

[10]  Walter Bender,et al.  Applications for data hiding , 2000, IBM Syst. J..

[11]  Bernd Girod,et al.  Watermarking of uncompressed and compressed video , 1998, Signal Process..

[12]  Mauro Barni,et al.  Robust video watermarking for wireless multimedia communications , 2000, 2000 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference. Conference Record (Cat. No.00TH8540).

[13]  S. Pereira,et al.  Attacks on digital watermarks: classification, estimation based attacks, and benchmarks , 2001, IEEE Communications Magazine.

[14]  G. C. Langelaar,et al.  Watermarking digital image and video data , 2000 .

[15]  Aree Ali Mohammed,et al.  Robust Video Watermarking using Multi-Band Wavelet Transform , 2009, ArXiv.

[16]  Zhigang Cao,et al.  Application of RS-coded MPSK modulation scenarios to compressed image communication in mobile fading channel , 2000, Vehicular Technology Conference Fall 2000. IEEE VTS Fall VTC2000. 52nd Vehicular Technology Conference (Cat. No.00CH37152).

[17]  Ren-Junn Hwang,et al.  A Digital Image Copyright Protection Scheme Based on Visual Cryptography , 2000 .

[18]  A. Essaouabi,et al.  A Wavelet-Based Digital Watermarking for Video , 2009, ArXiv.

[19]  Deepa Kundur,et al.  Novel approach to collusion-resistant video watermarking , 2002, IS&T/SPIE Electronic Imaging.

[20]  Bernd Girod,et al.  Digital watermarking of raw and compressed video , 1996, Other Conferences.

[21]  Thierry Pun,et al.  Robust template matching for affine resistant image watermarks , 2000, IEEE Trans. Image Process..

[22]  Intaek Kim,et al.  A blind watermarking technique using wavelet transform , 2001, ISIE 2001. 2001 IEEE International Symposium on Industrial Electronics Proceedings (Cat. No.01TH8570).

[23]  Frank Hartung,et al.  Multimedia watermarking techniques , 1999, Proc. IEEE.

[24]  Ingemar J. Cox,et al.  The First 50 Years of Electronic Watermarking , 2002, EURASIP J. Adv. Signal Process..

[25]  Bijan G. Mobasseri.  Direct sequence watermarking of digital video using m-frames , 1998, Proceedings 1998 International Conference on Image Processing. ICIP98 (Cat. No.98CB36269).

[26]  R. Barnett,et al.  Digital watermarking: applications, techniques and challenges , 1999 .

[27]  Jean-Luc Dugelay,et al.  A guide tour of video watermarking , 2003, Signal Process. Image Commun..

[28]  Wenjun Zeng,et al.  A Multi-band Wavelet Watermarking Scheme , 2008, Int. J. Netw. Secur..

[29]  Nasir D. Memon,et al.  Analysis of LSB based image steganography techniques , 2001, Proceedings 2001 International Conference on Image Processing (Cat. No.01CH37205).

[30]  Yen-Wei Chen,et al.  Robust Digital Watermarking Based On Principal Component Analysis , 2004, Int. J. Comput. Intell. Appl..

[31]  Zensho Nakao,et al.  Multi-color channel video watermarking , 2008 .

[32]  Ahmed H. Tewfik,et al.  Multiresolution scene-based video watermarking using perceptual models , 1998, IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun..

[33]  Edward J. Delp,et al.  Perceptual watermarks for digital images and video , 1999 .

[34]  Chinchen Chang,et al.  A colour image copyright protection scheme based on visual cryptography and discrete cosine transform , 2002 .

[35]  Thierry Pun,et al.  Cryptographic Copyright Protection for Digital Images Based on Watermarking Techniques , 1999, Theor. Comput. Sci..