Performance improvement of a large chilled-water plant by using simple heat rejection control strategies

Abstract Energy efficient cooling systems are urgently required in order to face the increasing cooling demand of the building and industry sectors and comply with the ambitious EU target of greenhouse gas emission reductions. The present work aims to show that simple heat rejection control strategies can lead to significant energy savings. Different approaches of sequencing the operation of several cooling towers and a method to adapt the cooling water temperature set-point to the actual ambient conditions are proposed. These strategies are first investigated theoretically for an existing chilled-water plant of 13.7 MW installed cooling capacity. Up to 20% energy savings are theoretically possible depending on the used control strategy and the weather conditions. A variable cooling water set-point as a function of the wet bulb temperature allows for the most significant savings. After implementation of this measure in the existing cooling plant, 2 years monitoring results show that the overall system efficiency of the chilled water plant could be increased by 15% compared to the initial status confirming the results of the theoretical study.