The Minimode float tracking system

Abstract A system has been developed which enables up to 18 neutrally buoyant floats at various depths to be tracked simultaneously from a ship, compatible with hydrographic observations being made at the same time. It was used in the Mid-Ocean Dynamics Experiment during April and May 1973. Approximately one fix per day was obtained on each of the float, which were at depths between 500 and 4000 m. Acoustic ranges were dependent on ray propagation, but sometimes reached 70 km, and range errors were generally less than ±0·5 km.