Extraction and composition of pectins and hemicelluloses of cell walls of sugar beet roots grown in Morocco

Summary Cell-wall polysaccharides were isolated as alcohol-insoluble residues (AIR) from Moroccan sugar beet slices at two stages of the harvest season (early and late samples). Pectins and hemicelluloses were extracted by a sequential treatment with water, EDTA, hot dilute hydrochloric acid, cold dilute sodium hydroxide, cold 1 M and 4 M sodium hydroxide and finally water at pH 7. The highest extraction yields were obtained for the dilute acid and alkali treatments, which extracted pectins rich in arabinose. The extracts from the late sample were rich in glucose which, was not retained on DEAE Sepharose CL 6 B, and which may come from microbial growth on the fields after harvesting. Yields for hemicelluloses after extraction with 1 M NaOH were 12% and 13% of AIR, respectively, for early and late beet slices, and after extraction with 4 M NaOH 5% and 6%, respectively. The extracts were rich in arabinose, xylose and glucose, and contained fucose and mannose. Fractionation on DEAE Sepharose gave one major non-retained fraction rich in neutral sugars, corresponding to xyloglucans and a minor retained fraction corresponding to heteroxylans, and residual pectins. Washing with water at pH 7 extracted pectins rich in rhamnose and galactose.

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